The Causes of the Hundred Years' War Flashcards
What claim did Edward III have to the French throne? (2)
Edward III laid claim to the French throne through his mother, Isabella (2), who was the daughter of the old French King, Philip IV.
What were the dates of the Hundred Years’ War? (2)
1337-1453
How did Philip VI provoke Edward III? (3)
Philip VI of France, the new French King, put pressure on the English held lands of Gascony (1) and Guienne (1) in the south west of France. These areas were important to England for the wine trade they provided. (1)
How had Normandy become linked to England? (2)
Normandy had originally been given to Duke William’s ancestors (1) as a way to appease them. (1)
Who did England ally with? (3)
The English allied themselves with Bavaria (1), Artois (a French province) (1) and many Flemish weavers from Flanders. (1)
Who did France ally with? (3)
The French allied themselves with Scotland (1), Bohemia (1) and Flanders. (1)
What did Edward III do to his coat of arms and why? (2)
Edward III quartered the English Lions crest with the French fleur-de-lys (lily) (1), showing his intent to become King of France (1).
How had the borders of England and France changed over the previous years? (3)
- The borders of England and France changed, going back and forth many times. (1)
- John tried to recover the lands he lost at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214, but ultimately failed. (1)
- Philip II Augustus triumphed and the territory remained in French hands into the next century. (1)
In what way did the war help with Philip and Edward’s reigns? (2)
Philip VI and Edward III used war to distract their subjects from domestic issues. (1) Edward was still dealing with the fallout from his father’s nepotism (e.g. Piers Gaveston) (1)
What happened in the lead up to the outbreak of war? (3)
- Coastal raids, which aimed to destroy and steal possessions rather than territory (1), had been occurring between France and England before war broke out in 1337. (1)
- An example was the French burning of Southampton in 1334. (1)
Why were Gascony & Guienne important to the English? (2)
For the wine and port trade.
Why was Flanders so important to the English? (2)
For the wool trade (1); the Flemish weavers traded with England for wool. (1)
What act did Edward III have to do in order to keep hold of Gascony? (2)
He had to pay homage to Philip VI (1) and be his ‘vassal’. (1)
What is a vassal? (1)
A person in paid service to another - like a knight to a lord.
What is homage? (2)
Formal public acknowledgement of feudal allegiance to another person (1); the act of going on bended knee. (1)
