Edward I & Scotland Flashcards
Why was Scottish independence a concern for England? (2)
- Scotland could ally itself with an enemy of England
- It could also attack England when England was at war with someone else.
What year did Alexander III die? (1)
1286
Why was the death of Alexander III a problem? (1)
He had no clear heir to the throne
Who did thirteen Scottish nobles ask to select the successor? (1)
Edward I
Who did Edward I select as successor to Alexander III and in what year? (2)
John Baliol, in 1292
What is homage? (2)
Formal public acknowledgement of feudal allegiance to another person (1); the act of going on bended knee. (1)
What deal did Edward I strike with John Baliol? (2)
John Baliol could be King of Scotland (1) as long as he paid homage to Edward I (1)
When did Edward invade Scotland and why? (3)
- 1296
- Baliol refused to pay homage to Edward
- Baliol failed to provide support for English military action in France
Where did Edward fight Baliol in 1296 and who won the battle? (2)
- Dunbar
- Edward was victorious
How did Edward complete his conquest of Scotland? (5)
- He declared himself King of Scotland in 1296
- He incorporated Scotland into the English crown
- Scottish nobles were forced to give up their fortresses
- An English lieutenant (representing the King) was sent to rule Scotland and could change law.
- He took away the Coronation Stone from the Palace of Scone.
Why was the Coronation Stone important to the Scottish? (1)
It was a symbol of Scottish independence.
When was the Coronation Stone returned to Scotland? (1)
1996
What did Edward I have inscribed on his tomb? (2)
“Malleus Scotorum” (1) which translates as “Hammer of the Scots” (1)
Who led a rebellion against Edward in 1297?
William Wallace
When was the Battle of Stirling Bridge? (1)
1297
When was the Battle of Falkirk? (1)
1298
When was William Wallace captured and what was his fate? (2)
- 1305
- He was hung, drawn and quartered
Who led a rebellion against Edward in 1306?
Robert Bruce
In which 1990s film is Edward I’s relationship with Scotland (somewhat inaccurately) explored?
Braveheart
When did Edward I die and where was he going? (2)
- 1307
- On his way to fight Robert Bruce in Scotland
