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PE > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Define Heart Rate

A

Heart Rate - The amount of times the heart beats per minute (BPM)

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2
Q

Define Stroke Volume

A

Stroke Volume - The volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat

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3
Q

Define Cardiac Output

A

Cardiac Output - The volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per minute

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4
Q

What is the Right Atrium’s function?

A

Right Atrium - Upper chamber that receives De-Oxygentated blood

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5
Q

What is the Right Ventricle’s function?

A

Right Ventricle - Lower chamber containing De-Oxygenated blood

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6
Q

What is the Left Atrium’s function?

A

Left Atrium - Upper chamber that receives Oygenated blood

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7
Q

What is the Left Ventricle’s function?

A

Left Ventricle - Lower chamber containing Oxygenated blood

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8
Q

What is the Pulmonary Artery’s function?

A

Pulmonary Artery - Carries De-Oxygenated blood from the Heart to the Lungs

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9
Q

What is the Pulmonary Vein’s function?

A

Pulmonary Vein - Returns Oxygenated blood from the Lungs back to the Heart

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10
Q

What is the Vena Cava’s function?

A

Vena Cava - Returns De-Oxygenated blood to the Heart from the Body

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11
Q

What is the Aorta’s function?

A

Aorta - Pumps Oxygenated blood from the Heart to the Body

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12
Q

What is the Tricuspid Valve’s function?

A

Tricuspid Valve - Prevents back flow of blood from the Right Ventricle into the Right Atrium

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13
Q

What is the Bicuspid Valve’s function?

A

Bicuspid Valve - Prevents back flow of blood from your left ventricle into the Left Atrium

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14
Q

What are the Semi-Lunar Valves’ function?

A

Semi-Lunar Valve - Prevents pumped blood from back flowing into heart

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15
Q

What is the Septum’s function?

A

Septum
- A wall that divides the left and right sides of the heart.
- Stops De-Oxygenated and Oxygenated blood from mixing

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16
Q

What is the path of blood around the body and heart?

A

Vena Cava
-> Right Atrium
-> Tricuspid Valve
-> Right Ventricle
-> Semi-Lunar Valve
-> Pulmonary Artery
—-> LUNGS (Oxygenates)
-> Pulmonary Vein
-> Left Atrium
-> Bicuspid Valve
-> Left Ventricle
-> Semi-Lunar Valve
-> Aorta
—-> BODY (De-Oxygenates)
——> Venca Cava

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17
Q

What is the function of the Veins?

A

Veins - Takes blood Back to the Heart (Carries De-Oxygenated blood)

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18
Q

What is the structure of Veins?

A

Structure of Veins
- Valves (Stops back flow of blood)
- Large lumens
- Has no pulse so blood travels smoothly
- Thin walls

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19
Q

What is so special about the Pulmonary Artery?

A

The Pulmonary Artery is the only artery to carry De-Oxygenated blood

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20
Q

What is so special about the Pulmonary Vein?

A

The Pulmonary Vein is the only vein to carry Oxygenated blood

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21
Q

?What are the three types of Blood Vessels?

A

Blood Vessels
- Veins
- Arteries
- Capillaries

22
Q

What is the function of Arteries?

A

Arteries - Take blood Away from the Heart (Carries Oxygenated blood)

23
Q

What is the structure of Arteries?

A

Structure of Arteries
- No valves
- Small lumens
- Has a pulse/Blood travels in spurts
- Thick + Elastic walls

24
Q

What is the function of Capillaries?

A

Capillaries - Carries blood to and from the body’s cells

25
Q

What is the structure of Capillaries?

A

Capillaries
- Small blood vessels
- One cell thick
- Allow gaseous change

26
Q

What is Capillarisation?

A

Capillarisation - The number of Capillaries increase with the amount of exercise

27
Q

Which blood vessel has Large Lumens?

A

Veins have Large Lumens

28
Q

Which blood vessel has Small Lumens?

A

Arteries have Small Lumens

29
Q

Which blood vessel has Thick and Elastic Walls?

A

Arteries have Thick and Elastic Walls

30
Q

Which blood vessel has Thin Walls?

A

Veins have Thin walls

31
Q

Which blood vessel is one cell thick?

A

Capillaries are one cell thick

32
Q

Which blood vessel takes blood Back to the Heart?

A

Veins take blood Back to the Heart

33
Q

Which blood vessel takes blood Away from the Heart?

A

Arteries take blood Away from the Heart

34
Q

Which blood vessel has Valves?

A

Veins have Valves

35
Q

Which blood vessel does not have Valves?

A

Arteries do not have Valves

36
Q

Which blood vessel has a pulse?

A

Arteries have a pulse

37
Q

Which blood vessel does not have a pulse?

A

Veins have no pulse

38
Q

How does blood travel in terms of blood vessels?

A

Blood travels from an Artery -> Arteriole -> Capillary -> Venule -> Vein

39
Q

Which Pulmonary blood vessel carries blood at a low pressure?

A

The Pulmonary Vein carries blood at a Low Pressure

40
Q

Which Pulmonary blood vessel carries blood at a high pressure?

A

The Pulmonary Artery carries blood at a High Pressure

41
Q

What is the Double Circulatory System?

A

The Double Circulatory System is the two different circuits that the Heart consists of

42
Q

What are the two circuits in the Double Circulatory System?

A

The two circuits in the Double Circulatory System is the Pulmonary Circuit and the Systemic Circuit

43
Q

What is the Pulmonary Circuit in the Double Circulatory System?

A

The Pulmonary Circuit is the path of blood when it travels from the Heart and Lungs

44
Q

What is the Systemic Circuit in the Double Circulatory System?

A

The Systemic Circuit is the path of blood when it travels from the Heart to the Body

45
Q

What is the role of Blood Cells?

A

Blood Cells
- Transport O2 to working muscles
- Transport CO2 to the Lungs
- Allow efficient gaseous exchange at the muscles, lungs, and alveoli

46
Q

What is the Vascular Shunt Mechanism?

A

Vascular Shunt Mechanism - How greater amounts of blood can be directed to muscles during exercise ( Prioritises muscles when working)

47
Q

What is Vasodilation?

A

Vasodilation
- When Capillaries and Arteries dilate (expand) to allow greater blood flow.
- This happens when a person is Hot

48
Q

What is Vasoconstriction?

A

Vasoconstriction
- When Capillaries and Arteries constrict to allow less movement of blood to muscles
- (Prioritises organs when working)
- Happens when a person is Cold

49
Q

Give a sporting example of when the Vascular Shunt Mechanism is used

A
  • There will be an increased blood supply to the quadriceps during a game of football
  • There will be a decreased blood supply to the digestive system (liver/kidney/intestines) during a game of football
50
Q

What are the two components of the Vascular Shunt Mechanism?

A

The two components of the Vascular Shunt Mechanism is Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction

PE (11 decks)

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