The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
The Cardiovascular System includes what 5 things?
*The heart
*Blood
*Arteries
*Veins
*Capillaries
The Heart
What is the shape and size of the heart?
Shape-Cone
Size-Closed fist
The Heart
Top-Right atrium(2) and Left atrium(3)
Bottom-Right ventricle(4) and Left ventricle(5)
The interior of the heart contains four chambers. Two on the left and two on the right. They are divided by a thin muscular wall called the septum.
The Heart
What is the thick membrane entirely encases the cardiac muscle called?
Pericardium (1)
Which contracts and relaxes to force blood to move through the circulatory system.
The Heart
What is the average resting heart rate? How many beats per minute?
65-85
The Heart
What is a sinus node?
Is known as our hearts natural pacemaker
Blood
What is blood
Sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body bringing nourishment and oxygen to all body parts
Blood
Red blood cells is also called?
Erythrocytes or red corpuscles
Blood
What are white blood cells and what do they do?
They are also call leukocytes or white corpuscles
They fight bacteria and other foreign substances
They increase in number when infection invades the body. Made in bone marrow
Blood
What are blood platelets and what do they do?
They are also called thrombocytes
They are responsible for clotting blood and starting the process of coagulation (clotting) when they are exposed to air or rough surfaces (bruised skin) made in bone marrow
Blood
What is plasma and what does it do?
Fluid part of the blood in which red and white blood cells and blood platelets are suspended, to be carried throughout the body by this liquids flow.
Plasma makes up about 55% of the blood and consists of about 90% water
Blood
On average an adult has 1.2 to 1.5 gallons (4.7-5.5L) of blood flowing through their cardiovascular system
What is erythema?
Scientific term for redness. If heat is applied to the skin, as in a facial, or the local blood has been stimulated in hair removal it can cause skin to become erythemic
What do blood vessels do?
Transport blood to and from the heart, then to various tissues of the body
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
Arteries-Deeper in body
Carry oxygenated blood
Thick walled
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
Veins-Closer to the surface
Carry deoxygenated blood
Thin walled
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
Capillaries also described as microscopic blood vessels
Takes nutrients and oxygen from arteries to cells.
Takes waste products from cells to veins
What are Varicose Veins?
Bulges that might form if veins stretch and lose their elasticity or if the valves are faulty
Function of the cardiovascular system
What is the cardiovascular system responsible for?
Circulation of blood
Vital role in maintaining homeostasis
Study of the arteries and veins
Understanding major vessels of the head and neck allows an esthetician to offer safe services in the head and neck regions
Veins lie nearer to the surface of the skin and arteries are found deep in the tissues
1 Common Carotid Artery (CCA)
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Splits into the internal and external carotid arteries: supplies blood to head, face and neck
3 External Carotid Artery (ECA)
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Branch of common carotid arteries, splits into smaller arteries. Supplies blood to skin and muscles of the head
4 Internal Jugular Vein (IJV)
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Returns all blood from head, face, and neck to heart
5 External Jugular Vein (EJV)
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Returns all blood from head, face and neck to heart
9 Transverse
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Branch of superficial temporal artery, supplies blood to the masseter muscle
9 Auricular
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
Branch of superficial temporal artery, supplies blood to anterior part of the ear
10 External Maxillary Artery
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
aka:Facial Artery
Breaks into smaller branches. Supplies blood to lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose
12 Facial Vein
Arteries and Veins of the face, head and neck
The facial vein also referred to as the anterior facial vein. Is the main vein of the face
5 Cephalic Vein
Arteries and Veins of the hand and arm
Runs up the outside of the arm from the hand to the shoulder
