Building Blocks of the Human Body Flashcards
What is Anatomy?
The study of organs and systems of the body
What is Physiology?
The study of normal organ function and body systems
What is Histology or Microscopic Anatomy?
The study of how tissues are structured and how they work. To small to be seen except through a microscope
What are cells?
The basic units of living matter. (Life)
What is Mitosis?
Cells grow and divide creating two new cells. 2 identical cells.
What is Meiosis?
Cell division that doesn’t create cells identical to the parent cell. 4 cells NOT identical
What is Metabolism?
Chemical process in which cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction
Anabolism
Process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
Catabolism
Process of breaking down larger molecules or substances into smaller ones
What are the four types of tissues?
*Epithelial Tissue
*Nerve Tissue
*Connective Tissue
*Muscular Tissue
Function of Epithelial Tissue?
Covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs
Function of Connective Tissue?
Supports, protects and holds the body together
Function of Nerve Tissue?
Coordinates body functions. Carries messages to and from the brain
Function of Muscular Tissue?
Contracts when stimulated to produce motion
What is an organ?
Separate body structures made up of tissues. Each of them perform certain functions.
What are the 11 primary organs?
*Skin
*Bones
*Cardiac Muscles
*Veins and Arteries
*Spleen
*Brain
*Stomach and Intestines
*Large Intestines
*Lungs
*Pancreas
*Ovaries
What are body systems?
Group of structures or organs that together preform one or more vital functions for the body
(Body system functions)
Integumentary
Provides protection. Regulates temperature also controls sebaceous (oil) gland and sudoriferous glands (sweat)
(Body system functions)
Skeletal
Provides framework and shape of the body
(Body system functions)
Muscular
Allows for voluntary and involuntary movement of the body
(Body system functions)
Circulatory
Circulates our blood, oxygen, hormones, toxins and lymph through our body
(Body system functions)
Lymphatic
Collects waste products. That includes toxins and transports lymph for excretion
(Body system functions)
Nervous
Sends and receives body messages
(Body system functions)
Digestive
Converts nutrients to energy for our body
(Body system functions)
Excretory
Eliminates waste/toxins from our body
(Body system functions)
Respiratory
Exchanges of oxygen and carbon dioxide to feed our cells and tissues
(Body system functions)
Endocrine
Controls release of hormones that affect hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels
(Body system functions)
Reproductive
Determines our sex-specific characteristics and allows for procreation
What is the building blocks (the order of cells to systems?)
Cells-Tissues-Organs-Systems
