The Cardiovascular And Respiratory System Flashcards
What happens in the systemic circuit?
Transports oxygenated blood from the heart around the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during exercise and removes waste products.
What happens in the pulmonary circuit?
Transports deoxygenated blood from the heart around the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart. It removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream and replenishes oxygen stores.
What is an artery?
A blood vessel which transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the muscles and organs
What is a capillary?
Thin-walled blood vessel which brings blood in close contact with muscles and organs for gaseous exchange
What is a vein?
A blood vessel which transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
What is heart rate?
The number of heart contractions each minute (bpm)
What is stroke volume?
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle each beat (ml)
What is cardiac output?
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle each minute (l/min)
What is gaseous exchange?
The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and bloodstream
What is alveoli?
Clusters of tiny air sacs covered by capillaries which allow gaseous exchange
What is diffusion?
Movement of gases across a membrane from an area of high to low concentration
What is breathing frequency?
The number of inspirations or expirations each minute (breaths/min)
What is tidal volume?
The volume of air inspired or expired each breath (ml)
What is minute ventilation?
The volume of air inspired or expired each minute (l/min)
How do you calculate minute ventilation?
Minute ventilation = breathing rate x tidal volume
VE = f x TV
