The British Enter the New World Flashcards
The Spanish Armada
The powerful Spanish navy which was defeated by Queen Elizabeth in 1580.
Virginia Company of London
A joint-stock company which received a charter from King James I to settle in the New World.
Captain John Smith
In 1608 he reached Jamestown and forced the settlers to survive.
The starving winter
1609-1610, only 60 settlers survived.
Lord De La Warr
Reached Jamestown in 1610 with military supplies, started the First Anglo-Powhatan War.
John Rolfe
Married Pocahontas in 1614 ending the First Anglo-Powhatan War.
House of Burgesses
An assembly created in Jamestown in 1619, first example of self-government. Caused King James I to make Virginia a colony directly under his control.
Lord Baltimore
Formed Maryland in 1634 as a refuge for Roman Catholics.
The Act of Toleration
A Maryland document which granted toleration to all Christians.
Barbados Slave Code of 1661
Denied even the most fundamental rights to slaves, passed to control their growing numbers.
William Penn
Founded Pennsylvania with Quakers with a promise of tolerance even for Indians.
Major export of the West Indies
Sugar
Major export of the Carolinas
Rice
Major export of Virginia
Tobacco
Sir Walter Raleigh
An English explorer who founded the colony of Roanoke which disappeared mysteriously.
The colony of Virginia
Founded by the London Co. in 1607 (1st)
The colony of New Hampshire
Founded by John Mason in 1623 (2nd)
The colony of Massachusetts
Founded by Puritans in 1628 (3rd)
Plymouth
Founded by separatists in 1620
The colony of Maryland
Founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 (4th)
The colony of Connecticut
Founded by Thomas Hooker in 1635 (5th)
The colony of Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams in 1636 (6th)
The colony of Delaware
Founded by Peter Minuit in 1638 (7th)
The colony of North Carolina
Founded by Virginians in 1653 (8th)
The colony of New York
Founded by the Duke of York in 1664 (9th)
The colony of New Jersey
Founded by Berkeley and Carteret in 1664 (10th)
The colony of South Carolina
Founded by Eight Nobles in 1670 (11th)
The colony of Pennsylvania
Founded by William Penn in 1681 (12th)
The colony of Georgia
Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733 (13th)
Martin Luther
A German friar who began the Protestant Reformation by denouncing the Church.
Institutes of the Christian Religion
A doctrine written by John Calvin which established Calvinism.
Puritans
A religious group that wanted to see Catholicism leave England very quickly.
Separatists
A tiny subsect of Puritans which broke away from the Church of England and were harassed by King James I.
Plymouth Bay
The landing place of the Separatists in 1620 after leaving Holland.
Captain Myles Standish
A prominent Indian killing captain on the Mayflower.
The Mayflower Compact
The first attempt at a government in America, signed in 1620.
William Bradford
Elected 30 times as governor of the Pilgrims.
William Laud
An archbishop who promoted the executions of Puritans under Charles I.
The Great Migration
In the 1630s 70,000 refugees left England for America, many of them went to the West Indies.
Massachusetts Bay Company
Formed by non-separatist Puritans in 1629
John Winthrop
The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company.
General Court
The ruling assembly of the Bay Colony.
Visible Saints
Another name for the Puritans
John Cotton
A devoted Puritan minister of the Bay Colony.
The Day of Doom
A poem written by Michael Wigglesworth.
Anne Hutchinson
An intelligent woman who was banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for challenging the Puritan orthodoxy.
Roger Williams
An extreme separatist and popular Salem minister who was banished from the Mass. Bay Colony.
Massasoit
The chieftain of the Wampanoag, he signed a treaty with the Puritans and had Thanksgiving with them.
The Pequots
A powerful New England tribe slaughtered by English settlers.
Metacom
Launched a series of attacks and raids against colonist towns in the 1670s
New England Confederation
A confederation consisting of four Puritan colonies.
Sir Edmund Andros
The leader of the dominion of New England, stopped town meetings, placed restrictions on courts, and revoked all land titles.
Glorious Revolution
1688- Catholic King James II was dethroned and replaced with Protestant rulers, Massachusetts became a royal colony.
