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GCSE History (Edexcel) - Medicine in Britain > The Black Death and The Great Plague > Flashcards

The Black Death and The Great Plague Flashcards

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1
Q

The Black Death was also known as…

A

the ‘Great Pestilence’

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2
Q

The Black Death spread from…

A

Asia

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3
Q

The Black Death spread from Asia and then through…

A

Europe

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4
Q

How did the Black Death spread in to Britain?

A

Because of trade

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5
Q

Where were the first cases of the plague in England identified?

A

Along the south coast

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6
Q

Why were the first cases of the plague in England identified along the south coast?

A

Because of the arrival of sailors

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7
Q

Between ___ and ___ of England’s population were killed in the Black Death

A

1/3 and 1/2

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8
Q

True/False: As a result of the Black Death, in some places entire villages were wiped out

A

True

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9
Q

The Plague reoccurred repeatedly with more/less deaths in later centuries (after the Black Death)

A

less

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10
Q

The next large-scale outbreak of the plague after the Black Death was…

A

The Great Plague

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11
Q

When was the Black Death?

A

1348-49

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12
Q

When was the Great Plague?

A

1665

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13
Q

What was the Black Death?

A

Bubonic plague

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14
Q

The bubonic plague causes swellings in the…

A

armpit and groin

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15
Q

The bubonic plague causes sores…

A

all over the body

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16
Q

The bubonic plague causes high…

A

fever

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17
Q

The bubonic plague causes what to the head?

A

headaches

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18
Q

The bubonic plague was spread by…

A

flies and rats

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19
Q

During the Black Death people showed what type of symptoms?

A

Pneumonic

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20
Q

How did the Black Death show pneumonic symptoms?

A

It attacked the lungs and they filled with blood

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21
Q

How were the pneumonic symptoms of the Black Death spread?

A

By coughing and breathing germs

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22
Q

True/False: People thought that good smells caused the Black Death

A

False, people thought that bad smells or poisons in the air caused it

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23
Q

True/False: People thought that the Four Humours being out of balance caused the Black Death

A

True

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24
Q

True/False: People thought that the movement of stars and planets was of no relevance to the cause of the Black Death

A

False, people thought the movement of stars and planets caused the Black Death

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25
Q

People thought that the Black Death was God’s…

A

punishment for sins

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26
Q

People thought that people of what religion caused the Black Death?

A

Jews

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27
Q

People tried to prevent the spread of the Black Death by purging and…

A

bleeding

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28
Q

People tried to prevent the spread of the Black Death by what type of prayers?

A

Public prayers

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29
Q

True/False: People tried to prevent the spread of the Black Death by candle lighting

A

True

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30
Q

True/False: People thought that trying to prevent the spread of The Black Death by going on pilgrimages was a silly idea

A

False, people did this to try and prevent its spread

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31
Q

True/False: Church bells were rung to try to prevent the spread of the Black Death

A

True

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32
Q

True/False: People avoided baths to try to prevent the spread of the Black Death

A

True

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33
Q

People used ____ and boiling vinegar to try to prevent the spread of the Black Death

A

fire

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34
Q

Why did people use fire and boiling vinegar to try to prevent the spread of the Black Death?

A

To purify the air

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35
Q

What would flagellants do?

A

Whip themselves and each other

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36
Q

Why did flagellants whip themselves and each other?

A

To atone for sins and show they were sorry

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37
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Black Death, when did people eat ‘hot’ food?

A

In cold months

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38
Q

Give examples of ‘hot’ food that people would eat in cold months and avoid in hot months to try and prevent the spread of the Black Death

A

Peppers, garlic

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39
Q

Why would people eat ‘hot’ food if they were cold to try and prevent the spread of the Black Death?

A

Galen’s ‘Opposites’

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40
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Black Death, when did people avoid ‘hot’ food?

A

In hot months

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41
Q

Why would people avoid ‘hot’ food if they had a fever to try and prevent the spread of the Black Death?

A

To prevent excess heat

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42
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Black death, people avoided those who were ___

A

ill

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43
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Black death, what laws were put in place?

A

Quarantine laws

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44
Q

What were the quarantine laws set up in attempt to prevent the spread of the Black Death?

A

New people to an area had to stay indoors for 40 days

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45
Q

Why did new people to an area have to stay indoors for 40 days during the time of the Black Death?

A

In case they brought the plague with them

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46
Q

People treated the Black Death by making patients s____

A

sweat

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47
Q

How did people make patients sweat to try and treat the Black Death?

A

By wrapping them in woollen clothes and putting half a freshly killed pigeon on the sores

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48
Q

People treated the Black Death by putting which 3 things on the sores?

A

Egg yolk, honey and herbs. They also put half a freshly killed pigeon on to make the patient sweat

49
Q

As a treatment for the Black Death, people prayed and confessed…

A

sins

50
Q

Why did people use the tail feathers of a chicken to treat the Black Death?

A

To draw out the poison/pus from the buboes

51
Q

When was the Great Plague?

A

1665

52
Q

What was the Great Plague?

A

Bubonic plague

53
Q

True/False: People thought that good smells caused the Great Plague

A

False, people thought that bad smells or poisons in the air caused it

54
Q

True/False: People thought that the Four Humours being out of balance caused the Great Plague

A

True

55
Q

True/False: People thought that the movement of stars and planets was of no relevance to the cause of the Great Plague

A

False, people thought the movement of stars and planets caused the Great Plague

56
Q

People thought that the Great Plague was God’s…

A

punishment for sins

57
Q

People thought that people of what religion caused the Great Plague?

A

Jews

58
Q

What was the main belief about the cause of the Great Plague?

A

Miasma

59
Q

People thought that the Great Plague was caused by comets in the sky and…

A

the unusual position between Mars and Saturn

60
Q

People thought that the Great Plague was spread by breath and…

A

sweat

61
Q

People thought that the Great Plague was caused by invisible creatures…

A

entering the body or skin and laying eggs or poisons

62
Q

People tried to prevent the spread of the Great Plague by purging and…

A

bleeding

63
Q

People tried to prevent the spread of the Great Plague by what type of prayers?

A

Public prayers

64
Q

True/False: People tried to prevent the spread of the Great Plague by candle lighting

A

True

65
Q

True/False: People thought that trying to prevent the spread of The Great Plague by going on pilgrimages was a silly idea

A

False, people did this to try and prevent its spread

66
Q

True/False: Church bells were rung to try to prevent the spread of the Great Plague

A

True

67
Q

True/False: People avoided baths to try to prevent the spread of the Great Plague

A

True

68
Q

People used ____ and boiling vinegar to try to prevent the spread of the Great Plague

A

fire

69
Q

Why did people use fire and boiling vinegar to try to prevent the spread of the Great Plague?

A

To purify the air

70
Q

What would flagellants do?

A

Whip themselves and each other

71
Q

Why did flagellants whip themselves and each other?

A

To atone for sins and show they were sorry

72
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague, when did people eat ‘hot’ food?

A

In cold months

73
Q

Give examples of ‘hot’ food that people would eat in cold months and avoid in hot months to try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague

A

Peppers, garlic

74
Q

Why would people eat ‘hot’ food if they were cold to try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague?

A

Galen’s ‘Opposites’

75
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague, when did people avoid ‘hot’ food?

A

In hot months

76
Q

Why would people avoid ‘hot’ food if they had a fever to try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague?

A

To prevent excess heat

77
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague, people avoided those who were ___

A

ill

78
Q

To try and prevent the spread of the Great Plague, what laws were put in place?

A

Quarantine laws

79
Q

What were the quarantine laws set up in attempt to prevent the spread of the Great Plague?

A

New people to an area had to stay indoors for 40 days

80
Q

Why did new people to an area have to stay indoors for 40 days during the time of the Great Plague?

A

In case they brought the plague with them

81
Q

During the Great Plague, to prevent miasma, what did people smoke?

A

Tobacco

82
Q

During the Great Plague, why did people smoke tobacco?

A

To fill the lungs with ‘good air’

83
Q

To prevent miasma during the Great Plague, people used smoke/perfume to…

A

‘air’ bedding

84
Q

To prevent miasma during the Great Plague, what did people carry with them?

A

Pomanders

85
Q

During the Great Plague, the Lord Mayor of London ordered the killing of…

A

stray animals

86
Q

During the Great Plague, the Lord Mayor of London ordered sweeping of…

A

the streets

87
Q

During the Great Plague, why did the Lord Mayor of London order the banning of plays?

A

To prevent crowds of people

88
Q

During the Great Plague, the Lord Mayor of London ordered q_________

A

quarantine

89
Q

During the Great Plague, when the Lord Mayor of London ordered quarantine, what did watchmen do?

A

Guarded houses of plague victims

90
Q

During the quarantine at the time of the Great Plague, how did you know if a house contained plague victims?

A

Doors were marked with a red cross and ‘Lord have mercy upon us’ was written on the door

91
Q

What words were written on the door of plague victims during the Great Plague?

A

‘Lord have mercy upon us’

92
Q

During the quarantine at the time of the Great Plague, what did women searchers do?

A

Check bodies of people who died for plague symptoms

93
Q

Where were victims of the Great Plague buried?

A

Deep in the ground

94
Q

At the time of the Great Plague, why would people take the meat off the butchers’ hooks?

A

To stop the butcher touching it

95
Q

At the time of the Great Plague, butchers wouldn’t touch money but…

A

have it placed in a pot of vinegar

96
Q

Governments were much more/less effective in trying to prevent the spread of the plague than they had been with the Black Death

A

more

97
Q

People treated the Great Plague by making patients s____

A

sweat

98
Q

How did people make patients sweat to try and treat the Great Plague?

A

By wrapping them in woollen clothes and putting half a freshly killed pigeon on the sores

99
Q

People treated the Great Plague by putting which 3 things on the sores?

A

Egg yolk, honey and herbs. They also put half a freshly killed pigeon on to make the patient sweat

100
Q

As a treatment for the Great Plague, people prayed and confessed…

A

sins

101
Q

Why did people use the tail feathers of a chicken to treat the Great Plague?

A

To draw out the poison/pus from the buboes

102
Q

To treat the Great Plague, what did ‘Quack’ doctors sell?

A

‘Remedies’

103
Q

What was the ‘remedy’ Theriac that ‘Quack’ doctors sold a mixture of?

A

wine, herbs, spices and honey

104
Q

What was another name for the ‘remedy’ Theriac which ‘Quacl’ doctors sold?

A

London Treacle

105
Q

Plague Doctors wore a _______ hat

A

leather

106
Q

Plague Doctors had a _____ eye

A

glass

107
Q

Plague Doctors wore masks which gathered at the ____

A

neck

108
Q

Plague Doctors wore a full length gown covered with what over leather breeches?

A

Wax worm

109
Q

Plague Doctors wore _______ gloves

A

leather

110
Q

Plague Doctors wore full length _______ boots

A

leather

111
Q

Why did Plague Doctors have a wooden stick?

A

To keep people away

112
Q

Plague Doctors had a beak stuffed with what?

A

Herbs and spices

113
Q

It was thought that the brid shape of Plague Doctors would…

A

attract the disease away from the patient

114
Q

The Black Death and Great Plague were the same/different diseases

A

the same

115
Q

The plague was often called the __________ at the time

A

‘pestilence’

116
Q

Ideas to prevent the plague were based on what?

A

What people believed to the causes of hte plague

117
Q

Beliefs, prevention and treatments were very similar/different as there had been no/lots of advances in the understanding of the real causes of illness between the 1300s and 1600s

A

similar, no

118
Q

What was the main difference between the Black Death and the Great Plague?

A

Increased invovlement of the government, especially in London, during hte Great Plague to try to prevent the spread of the plague

119
Q

Religion was one of the main beliefs during the Black Death but ______ was the main belief during the Great Plague

A

miasma

GCSE History (Edexcel) - Medicine in Britain (5 decks)

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