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History > The Birth of Australia, 1788-1829 > Flashcards

The Birth of Australia, 1788-1829 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Cook claim New South Wales to be Terra Nullis?

A

22nd August 1770.

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2
Q

When did the American War of Independence interrupt the transportation of criminals to America?

A

1776

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3
Q

When did the First Fleet arrive in Botany Bay?

A

18th January 1788

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4
Q

How long was the First Fleets passage at sea?

A

252 days

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5
Q

When did smallpox breakout among the Aboriginal people?

A

1789

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6
Q

When did Governor dispatch 300 convicts to Norfolk Island?

A

1790

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7
Q

When did whaling begin in the colony?

A

1791

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8
Q

what was the name of the ship that whaling begins on?

A

The William and Ann and the Britannia (the third fleet|)

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9
Q

What was the name of the first convict to be granted land as a reward for growing the first crop?

A

James Ruse

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10
Q

When was James Ruse granted land?

A

1791

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11
Q

Which crop did James ruse grow?

A

Wheat (the first crop grown in the colony)

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12
Q

When was Van Dieman’s land first colonised?

A

1803

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13
Q

Why was Van Dieman’s land colonised?

A

To prevent any settlement by the French.

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14
Q

When was the Rum Rebellion?

A

26th January 1808

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15
Q

Which governor was removed as a result of the Rum Rebellion?

A

Governor Bligh

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16
Q

When did Macquarie become governor of New South Wales?

A

1st January 1810

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17
Q

When were the Blue Mountains first crossed by Europeans?

A

1813

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18
Q

Who were the first Europeans to cross the Blue Mountains?

A

Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth

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19
Q

When did New South Wales first establish a legislative council?

A

1823

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20
Q

When was martial law declared against the Aboriginal People?

A

1828

21
Q

Who declared martial law against the Aboriginal people?

A

Governor Arthur

22
Q

Where was Martial law declared?

A

Van Diemans land/ Tasmania

23
Q

When did British settlers first arrive in Western Australia?

A

1829

24
Q

What is a Felon?

A

One who has committed a serious crime

25
Q

What does Fitting out the fleet mean?

A

The preparation of ships to ensure their seaworthiness and the purchase of all stores necessary for a journey.

26
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

The social process in which cities grow and societies become more urban.

27
Q

When was Arthur Phillip in office?

A

1788-92

28
Q

What was Arthur Phillip’s role?

A
  • He was responsible for the highly successful journey of the First Fleet and the establishment and survival of the colony in the first years.
  • He gave the first land grants to ex-convicts, thereby ensuring the future subsistence of the colony..
  • His fairness extended to the Aboriginal people, who interested him deeply and with whom he was non-confrontational and offered some protection.
29
Q

When was William Bligh in office?

A

1806-08

30
Q

What happened during Blighs time in office?

A

Bligh was removed as governor of New South Wales by the New South Wales Corps and other free-born settlers angry at his attempts to curb their privileges. There was little punishment of the perpetrators, suggesting London recognised his fatal flaw.

31
Q

When was Thomas Brisbane in office?

A

1821-1825

32
Q

How did Brisbane change Australia?

A
  • He reversed the paternalistic and high-spending approach of Macquarie, limiting early pardons and land grants to convicts.
  • During his governorship, power and wealth in the colony was consolidated in the hands of the freeborn settlers, who formed a wealthy farming class.
33
Q

When and were was George Arthur in office?

A

1824-36

Van Diemen’s Land/ Tasmania

34
Q

What and when were the Rum Years?

A

A period of time during which the New South Wales Corps dominated the colony, 1792-1809.

35
Q

What is a Promissory Note?

A

A signed note promised to pay the bearer the stated sum at a specific date.

36
Q

What was the New South Wales Corps?

A

An army regiment formed in 1789 to replace the marines who accompanied the First Fleet. They were the military force in the colony until they were disbanded in 1809 following their mutiny against Governor Bligh in 1808.

37
Q

What was the Rum Rebellion?

A

The term given to the mutiny removing Bligh from his position of governor in 1808.

38
Q

What is the Gentry?

A

The group who wealth derives from agricultural land ownership.

39
Q

What is an emancipist?

A

A convict who had served their term or been given conditional pardons and was now a settler. Also known as ‘government men’.

40
Q

Which people were known as currency?

A

A free-born child to a convict.
They were notably healthier looking and taller than their parents, reared on the abundant food the colony provided.
They were also notably law-abiding.

41
Q

What were the free-born child of the settlers called?

A

Sterling

42
Q

What was an exclusive?

A

A free settler and their descendants. this included the members of the New South Wales Corps who elected to remain in the colony.

43
Q

What was the benefit of the clergy?

A

The conducting of a ceremony such as a marriage by a priest or a vicar.

44
Q

What was a ticket of leave?

A

A document allowing convicts to hire themselves out or to be self-employed before their sentence expired, on the condition that they remain in a specified area, report regularly to local authorities and if possible attend church every Sunday.

45
Q

What is Genocide?

A

The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially forming part of a nation or ethnic groups.

46
Q

What was the Black War?

A

A period of violent conflict fought between the Aboriginal people and settlers of Tasmania in the 1820s.

47
Q

What was the settled districts?

A

Governor Arthur wanted the Aboriginal population to remain inland set aside for them and even their removal to Bruny Island, near Tasmania, for their protection.

48
Q

What was the frontier war?

A

Clashes between Aboriginal people and Australian settlers as the Aboriginal population resisted the settlement of Australia.

History (12 decks)

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