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Ap Human Geography > THE BIG LIST - UNIT 1 > Flashcards

THE BIG LIST - UNIT 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

AKA the built environment. Any time people interact with the environment they shape it in
ways that reflect their culture

A

Cultural landscape

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2
Q

people per square mile

A

Arithmetic density

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3
Q

The number of people per unit of area of arable land

A

Physiological density

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4
Q

land suited for agriculture

A

arable land

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4
Q

how many people have to be supported by the amount of available farmland

A

Physiological density

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5
Q

High physiological density

A

food must be imported in a country

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5
Q

farmers per unit of arable land

A

Agricultural Density

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6
Q

what GIS stands for

A

Geographic Information System

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6
Q

Computer software/app that allows you to view geographic information in layers over a map

A

GIS

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7
Q

what GPS stands for

A

Global Positioning System

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8
Q

Navigation system made up of 24 satellites, tracking stations on the ground, and receivers,
Absolute location of receiver is triangulated and used to navigate

A

GPS

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8
Q

The place of origin of an idea, culture, or human activity.

A

Hearth

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8
Q

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

A

Diffusion

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9
Q

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

A

Relocation diffusion

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9
Q

The spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process

A

Expansion diffusion

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9
Q

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places

A

Hierarchical diffusion

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10
Q

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

A

Contagious diffusion

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11
Q

the spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse

A

Stimulus diffusion

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11
Q

The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface. (clustered or dispersed)

A

Distribution/ Spatial Distribution

11
Q

A 19th- and early 20th-century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities. (The fate of societies and their behavior is determined almost entirely by the physical environment)

A

Environmental determinism

11
Q

The physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment or alter their environment to suit their needs.

A

Possibilism

12
Q

Position on Earth’s surface using the coordinate system of longitude (runs from North to South Pole) and latitude ( runs parallel to the equator).

A

Absolute location

12
Q

Position on Earth’s surface relative to other features, also situation

A

Relative location

13
Q

Tendency for regional connections to form and sometimes take priority over global trends. For example, trade blocs, such as the European Union, that eliminate trade barriers for regional members while often creating trade barriers against “foreign” global competitors.

A

Regionalization

13
Q

refers to a group’s perceived identification with a particular region at any scale. (eg. Quebec, many French speakers identify more as Quebecois than as Canadian

A

Regionalism

14
Q

The physical character of place; what is found at the location and why it is significant. Can be physical (mountains) or human characteristics

A

Site

15
Q

The location of a place relative to other places, also relative location

A

Situation

16
Q

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation system

A

Space Time Compression

16
Q

is based on the notion that distance usually requires some amount of effort, money, and/or energy to overcome. Because of this “friction,” spatial interactions will tend to take place more often over shorter distances; quantity of interaction will decline with distance

A

Friction of Distance

16
Q

information about the earth, or a part of it

A

Geospatial data

16
Q

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

A

Globalization

17
Q

Concept is that contact diminishes with increasing distance

A

Gravity model (from Isaac Newton)

18
Q

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin.

A

Distance Decay

19
Q

defined by Manuel Castells as a set of interconnected nodes without a center

A

Networks

20
Q

The relationships or points of contact among people and objects across space. Geographers are concerned with the various means by which connections occur

A

Connections

21
Q

Refers to the physical gap or interval between two objects. Spatial, or geospatial in this course always refers to a part of the earth

A

Space

22
Q

refers to the size and complexity of the area being studied.

A

Scale

23
Q

An area in which everyone shares one or
more distinctive characteristics.

A

Formal/Uniform/H
omogeneous Region

24
Q

An area organized around a node or focal
point.

A

Functional/Nodal
Region

25
Q

An area that people believe exists as part
of their cultural identity

A

Vernacular/Percep
tual Region

25
Q

Physical landscape such as mountains, rivers, etc.

A

Natural Landscape

25
Q

Describes when a phenomenon is distributed in an organized rather than irregular way.

A

Pattern

25
Q

based primarily on exploratory research, information that can’t be measured. Some common methods include focus groups, individual interviews, and participation/observations. The sample size is typically small

A

Qualitative data

26
Q

Geoid

A

The shape of the Earth (a bumpy sphere)

26
Q

Depiction of Earth’s surface on a 2 dimensional surface. Each type creates a different type of distortion.

A

Projection

27
Q

place name

A

Toponym

28
Q

research that involves collecting information that can be turned into statistical data, such as attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables, uses measurable data, usually with large sample sizes, to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research, very powerful tool in evaluating and forecasting human behavior. Its use has been increasing

A

Quantitative data

Ap Human Geography (11 decks)

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