The Battle For The Great Plains Flashcards
Where was gold discovered in 1870 and what treaty did this break?
The Black Hills, broke the Fort Laramie treaty
How many buffalo roamed the Plains in 1840?
13 million
By 1885 how many buffalo were left on the Plains?
200
What is the name of the trail that leads to the Rocky Mountains, where gold was discovered in 1862?
The Bozeman Trail
What year was the treaty of Fort Laramie created?
1851
What two different methods could be used to control the Native Americans?
Negotiation or extermination
What method of control did most settlers believe in?
Extermination
Why did the government create treaties?
So the Indians would agree to live on smaller pieces of land and accept supplies of food and clothing
When was the second Fort Laramie treaty made?
1868
Why did the Indians not trust the whites?
Because they broke treaties and attacked them etc
When did President Andrew Jackson pass the Indian Removal Act?
1830
How many Indians were forced to move and to where because of the Indian Removal Act?
70,000 to Oklahoma
Where were the Indians who were forced to move because the Indian Removal Act previously living?
The Eastern states of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Florida and Virginia
What was Oklahoma seen as?
The ‘Indian Territory’
Why did many Indians die during the journey to Oklahoma?
Famine and disease
How many ‘wars’ were there between 1855 and 1868?
Four
What year was the Winter Campaign?
1868
What year was the Great Sioux War that led to the Battle of Little Bighorn?
1876
What did the government promise the Indians in the treaty of Fort Laramie?
Lands along the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, the land was promised to them forever, as well as no white settlers ever entering the land
$50,000 a year for 10 years, and provide them with food, clothing, cattle and equipment as compensation for their loss of land
Where was gold found in 1859?
Pikes peak in Colorado
What happened after gold was found in 1859?
Settlers crossed though lands promised to the Indians in the treaty of Fort Laramie
Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians began attacking railroad surveyors and settlers
What happened in 1861 after gold was found in Colorado?
The government called the chiefs to Fort Lyon where they were forced to abandon their claims and were given a much smaller area of land in eastern Colorado
Many warriors refused to follow the Chief’s agreements
When was the Sank Creek Massacre?
1864
When was the General Allotment act or Dawes act?
1887
When was the Fetterman massacre?
1866
