The basic tissue and body layers Flashcards
Define tissue
-Tissues are groups of cells organised to perform one or more specific functions
Define organ
-Organs are made up of tissues and these are classified into 4 types
What are the 4 basic tissues of the body
-Epithelium (epithelial tissue)
-Connective tissue
-Muscle tissue
-Nerve tissue
Function of epithelial tissue
-covers body surfaces
-lines body cavities
-forms glands
Function of connective tissue
-underlines or supports other 3 tissues, both structurally and functionally
Function of muscle tissue
-made up of contractile cells
-responsible for movement
Function of nerve tissue
-receives, transmits and integrates information from outside and inside the body
-to control activities of the body
What layer of epithelial tissue? Location and function?
-Simple squamous
-Location: blood vessel, alveoli, body cavities
-Function: exchange diffusion
What layer of epithelial tissue? Location and function?
-Stratified squamous
-Location: epidermis, oral cavity, oesophagus, vagina
-Function: barrier protection
What layer of epithelial tissue? Location and function?
-Simple columnar
-Location: Small/large intestine, stomach lining
-Function: absorption, secretion
What layer of epithelial tissue? Location and function?
-Pseudostratified columnar
-Location: Respiratory tract
-Function: secretion
What layer of epithelial tissue? Location and function?
-Transitional (urothelium)
-Location: Urinary organs
-Function: distensible property
Classification of connective tissue
Structure/examples of dense connective tissue
Structure:
-More fibres
-Less cells
-Collagen fibres dominate the structure
E.g. tendons, ligaments
Structure/examples of loose connective tissue
Structure:
-Less fibres
-More fat cells
E.g. adipose, areolar
Classification of muscle tissue
Skeletal
-voluntary movement
-striated and red/white
Cardiac
-pumping of heart
-striated with centrally located nucleus
Smooth
-in walls of hollow organs for contraction
-non-striated with no sarcomeres
What is nerve tissue made of?
-Nerve cells (neurones) receive stimuli and conduct responsive impulses
-Neuroglia/Glial cells are supporting cells
What are the body layers?
Epidermis - Stratified squamous epithelium for protection
Dermis - Contains collagen and elastic fibres
Subcutaneous tissue (superficial fascia) -Loose connective tissue containing fat, sweat glands, superficial vessels and cutaneous nerves
Deep fascia
-Dense connective tissue
Skeletal muscle
-Movement
What tissue is the heart made up of?
-Cardiac muscle tissue
What tissue are blood vessels made up of?
-Epithelial
-Smooth muscle
-Connective tissue
What is the systemic circulation?
-Left ventricle
-To body
-To right atrium
What is the pulmonary circulation?
-Right ventricle
-To lungs
-To left atrium
What is portal circulation?
-Where a venous system links 2 capillary beds (e.g. hepatic portal vein)
What do capillaries link?
-Arterioles and venules
-Allow exchange of materials (oxygen and nutrients to cells of surrounding tissues)