the atom

Question 1

what are the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 1

proton, neutron, & electron.

Question 2

what are the charges of the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 2

proton +1, neutron 0, & electron -1.

Question 3

what are the locations of the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 3

proton & neutron in the nucleus; electron in orbitals/shells

Question 4

what is the net charge of the a carbon nucleus

Answer 4

+6

Question 5

what does the Atomic number tell us?

Answer 5

the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines the identity of an atom.

Question 6

what can be said about the number of protons and electrons in an atom

Answer 6

they are equal

Question 7

what is the mass number

Answer 7

protons + neutrons

Question 8

what are isotopes?

Answer 8

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 9

what is the difference between isotopes

Answer 9

number of neutrons

Question 10

how can you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 10

subtract the atomic number from the mass number

Question 11

what does the 14 mean in carbon-14 ?

Answer 11

the mass number

Question 12

what is atomic mass?

Answer 12

weighted average based on the natural abundance of isotopes

Question 13

what was discovered for the plum-pudding model

Answer 13

cathode ray particles (electrons)

Question 14

what important experiment did Rutherford perform?

Answer 14

gold foil experiment

Question 15

what 2 important conclusions came from the gold foil experiment?

Answer 15

1 Most of an atom is empty space.

2 Most of an atom’s mass is concentrated in a dense, positively charged nucleus.

Question 16

what was new about the Bohr model?

Answer 16

energy levels

Question 17

Discuss energy levels in terms of distance from the nucleus and energy.

Answer 17

1st PEL less energy, closest to the nucleus

2nd PEL more energy, further from the nucleus

Question 18

How are spectral lines formed?

Answer 18

When an electron falls from the excited state to the ground state it emits light energy in the form of spectral lines.

Question 19

Where are electrons located in the wave mechanical model?

Answer 19

In orbitals

Question 20

What are valence electrons?

Answer 20

The electrons in the outermost energy level

Question 21

Is 2-7-3 ground or excited? For what element?

Answer 21

excited Mg

Question 22

What are the masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Answer 22

protons 1, neutrons 1, and electrons almost zero