Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Question 1

what do particles need to do in order to react?

Answer 1

an effective collision

Question 2

in terms of collisions, how is a reaction sped up?

Answer 2

more collisions

Question 3

what can be done to increase a rate of reaction?

Answer 3

increase concentration, increase temperature, increase surface area (smaller particles), add a catalyst.

Question 4

what does an exothermic reaction do?

Answer 4

release energy

Question 5

what type of reaction absorbs energy?

Answer 5

endothermic

Question 6

what are the signs of the heat of reaction for an exo and endothermic reaction?

Answer 6

exothermic a negative heat of reaction and endothermic a positive heat of reaction

Question 7

if energy is a reactant, is the reaction exo or endothermic? Product?

Answer 7

reactant endothermic. product exothermic

Question 8

what is the heat of reaction?

Answer 8

difference in energy between the products and reactants

Question 9

what is the activation energy?

Answer 9

energy needed to start a chemical reaction and form the activated complex

Question 10

is an exothermic reaction an uphill or downhill graph? endothermic?

Answer 10

exo downhill endothermic uphill

Question 11

how does a catalyst speed up a chemical reaction?

Answer 11

by lowering the activation energy

Question 12

does a catalyst change the heat of reaction?

Answer 12

NO, a catalyst does not change the heat of reaction?

Question 13

what 2 things are needed for an effective collision?

Answer 13

enough energy and a proper angle

Question 14

what is entropy

Answer 14

disorder

Question 15

what phase of matter is the most disordered?

Answer 15

gas

Question 16

what is equilibrium?

Answer 16

when the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal

Question 17

how can you tell you have achieved equilibrium?

Answer 17

amounts of reactants and products become constant

Question 18

what happens when a saturated solution is at equilibrium?

Answer 18

The rate of dissolving is equal to the rate of crystallization

Question 19

when is a stoppered flask at equilibrium?

Answer 19

The rate of evaporation of H2O(ℓ) equals the rate of condensation of H2O(g).

Question 20

With lechat’s principle, when you add heat or concentration, how does it shift?

Answer 20

add- away (take- towards)

Question 21

With lechat’s principle, when you increase pressure, how does it shift?

Answer 21

to fewer moles of GAS