gases & solutions Flashcards
describe 4 characteristics of an ideal gas
- are in random, constant, straight-line motion.
- are made of mostly empty space. (Particles are far apart and have negligible (no) volume.)
- have no attractive forces between them.
- collisions between particles are completely elastic.
what is STP and where can it be found?
- Standard temperature is 273 K (Table A)
* Standard pressure is 101.3 kPa (1.00 atmosphere)
Is volume of a gas and its pressure at constant temperature directly or inversely proportional?
Inversely
Is volume of a gas and its temperature at constant pressure directly or inversely proportional?
directly
What is Avogadro’s hypothesis?
equal volumes of gases at the same temp and pressure contain an equal number of molecules
Why is there no such thing as an ideal gas?
real gases have volume and attract each other.
When is a gas most ideal in temps of temperature and pressure?
low pressure and high temperature (PLIGHT)
are solutions substances or mixtures? Homo or heterogeneous?
homogeneous mixtures.
Using table F, is AgCl soluble or insoluble? NaOH?
AgCl is insoluble. NaOH is soluble
What does like dissolves like mean?
Polar dissolves polar, nonpolar dissolves nonpolar.
How do ionic compounds dissolve?
in polar substances like water (molecule-ion attractions)
when one thing dissolves in another what happens to the freezing point and boiling point?
the Freezing point decreases; the Boiling point increases. Ex- salting roads.
what lowers the Freezing point; raises the Boiling point more- molecular/covalent or ionic?
ionic (metal + nonmetal or with a polyatomic ion)
Where is unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated found on a line on reference table G?
- unsaturated is UNDER the line of the graph.
- Saturated is ON the line of the graph.
- Supersaturated is the area ABOVE the line of the graph.
In terms of temperature and pressure how is a gas most soluble?
low temp (you can look this up on ref tbl G) and high pressure. Nothing to do with ideal.
