The Atmosphere Flashcards
Explain Relief Rainfall
- warm moist air blows in from the sea
- if meets coastal mountain range, it rises.
- air cools and condenses
- cold forms and eventual falls on sheltered sign.
- air descends on the sheltered side of the mountain. Condensation ceases and a rain shadow
Weather is the word used to describe ???
The state of the atmosphere at any particular time or place
What are people who study analyse and record the weather?
Metrologists
How to calculate the mean temperature?
Sum of temperature
_____________________
Divided by 12
How to calculate temperature range?
Max temperature - min temperature
How do you measure atmospheric pressure?
Barometer, millibars and isobars
How to measure humidity ?
- Use hydrometer. They use we and dry bubble thermometers
- expressed as a percentage
- humidity relates to the amount of moisture in the air
How to measure wind speed and direction?
- wind speed is measured with anemometer (km/h)
- wind direction is measured with a wind vane
- wind strengths can be described on Beaufort scale
How to measure precipitation
Measured with a rain gauge
Measured in mm
How to measure sunshine
Sunshine measured with Campbell stokes sunshine recorder
Hours/per day
Choose two weather instruments and describe how they are used to record weather
ANEMOMETER: measures speed of wind, has 3 cups which spin in the wind. The faster they go, the stronger the wind is. You can see the speed of the wind from a dial on the meter. Arrows point the direction wind blows from.
CAMPBELL STOKES SUNSHINE RECORDER: measure sunshine. It has a glass sphere which the sunshine gets through onto paper. It’s marked every hour, if no sun then it is not marked
What is the greenhouse effect?
The gases that are trapped in the atmosphere (CO2, methane)
Explain 2 causes of global warming
- due to the green house effect, it traps more heat and world temperature rises. Most of the unscrew of temperature is from human activity.
- the burning of fossil fuels. Coal, oil, natural gas in homes and factories, these raise levels of carbon dioxide
Explain 2 impacts of global warming
- a rise in sea level. When global temperature rises, polar ice caps will melt. Sea temperature will increase and water will expand.
- Climate Change: summer in the south and Midlands will become warmer, leading change in agriculture as crops replace grass.
Explain 2 solutions to global warming
- Clean Energy: reduce use of fossil fuel, Use renewable energy sources. E.g solar
- Use Enegry - efficient appliances. E.g lights fridges, look for BER rating
