Shaping The Earths Crust

Question 0

What is weathering ?

Answer 0

Weathering is the decay and breaking down of rocks when exposed to the weather

Question 1

What is denudation?

Answer 1

Denudation occurs by erosion or weathering

Question 2

Name the 2 types of weathering

Answer 2

Mechanical Weathering or Chemical Weathering

Question 3

What is erosion ?

Answer 3

Erosion is the breaking down of rocks and the removal of the particles that result.

Question 4

How is erosion caused ?

Answer 4

Moving water,moving ice,moving air

Question 5

What does mechanical weathering do ?

Answer 5

Mechanical weathering causes rocks to be broken down into smaller pieces. The most common mechanical weathering is freeze thaw.

Question 6

What is freeze thaw and how do it occur

Answer 6

Freeze thaw is the break up of rocks by frost action. It occurs were there is precipitation (rainfall) and the temperature rises and falls below 0 degrees Celsius.

Question 7

Name a mountain range this occurs in

Answer 7

Alps

Question 8

By Day - By Night - Overtime// explain

Answer 8

By Day
•water seeps into joints (cracks) in the rock
By Night
• water freezes below 0 degrees Celsius. The water expands and puts pressure on the rock.
Overtime
• this process repeats. The rock splits and sharp pieces brake off . These pieces of rock are called scree. They roll down the mountain and collect at the bottom

Question 9

How does chemical weathering occur

Answer 9

Chemical weathering occurs when rocks decay or dissolve because of chemical change. Carbonation is one.

Question 10

Explain carbonation

Answer 10

• when rain falls it takes in carbon dioxide as it falls.
• the carbon dioxide mixes in with the rain and makes it a weak carbonic acid.
• limestone contains calcium carbonate. The weak acid rain mixes with the calcium carbonate and slowly dissolves it. This is called carbonation.

Question 11

What is karst landscape

Answer 11

The effects of carbonation are best seen on limestone. This is called karst landscape.Ireland best karst landscape is in the Burren Co.Clare

Question 12

Limestone pavement

Answer 12

The large area exposed of limestone is called limestone pavement. As rainfall occurs it seeps through the rock and picks out the weakest points,weathering them by carbonation. The joints in the limestone is widened and deepens to form grikes.the block of limestone that remains is called clints. A karren is a hole in the clint.

Question 13

Swallow Holes

Answer 13

When rivers flow onto limestone it begins to dissolve the limestone by carbonation. The water widens the joints and bedding plane,opening them. Soon the river begins to flow underground. The passage which the water passes underground is called a swallow hole. The largest swallow hole in the Burren is pollnagollum

Question 14

Caves

Answer 14

• As the river flows underground,the carbonic acid dissolves the limestone making tunnels called caves
• when water contain calcium carbonate seeps through the cave some drops hang from the roof for a while. These build up slowly over thousands of years and create stalactites
• the same thing happen on the floor but this crests stalagmites
• when the two join up this is called pillars

Question 15

The Burren National Park (where,when,facts, attraction for tourist)

Answer 15

• Flora// the Burren is popular because of its variety of wild plant life. Alpine, Mediterranean and native plants grow side by side. Orchids,ferns and other rare plants grow here.
• Fauna// the Burren’s wildlife has green moths,butterfly’s and goats
• Landscape// the Burren has a wide variety of scenery for tourists. E.g Karst Landscape
• History// the Burren’s monuments and archaeological sites provide history of settlement.they include dolmens and forts.

Question 16

3 Benefits of Increased tourism

Answer 16

• increase local employment, more money will come in then the government will have more money to pay people so more jobs will be given.
• benefits for coaches,shops,pubs and crafts people and hotels as the tourist will want go get something like a key chain. Hotels will get more money as people will need somewhere to sleep.
• reduces people to leave the country, because if they don’t have a job they might go to another country if they want a job but if more tourist come them more money comes then more money to pay to people who work.

Question 17

3 disadvantages of tourism

Answer 17

• damage to flora as people will pick them and then there will be no more left for other people to see, which will decrease tourism.
• road widening which will destroy the Burren then lest tourism.
• damage to monuments