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Meteorology > The Atmosphere > Flashcards

The Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

Define climate

A

The average weather conditions taken over a 30 year period

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2
Q

What does weather measure?

A

Temperature, sunlight/cloud, rainfall and humidity

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3
Q

How much nitrogen, oxygen and their gases (CO2, WV, Ozone)

A

Nitrogen: 78%
Oxygen: 21%
Other: 1%

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4
Q

What is the importance of water vapour in the atmosphere ?

A

It helps with cloud formation

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5
Q

What is the importance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere ?

A

Absorbs long wave radiation

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6
Q

What is the importance of ozone in the atmosphere ?

A

Absorbs UV radiation coming into the troposphere

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7
Q

In order of low to high altitude list the different parts of the atmosphere ?

A

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

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8
Q

What is the thermosphere spit up into ?

A

Ionosphere then Exosphere

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9
Q

How far up is the troposphere form the earths surface ?

A

8km-17km (In exam say 11km)

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10
Q

How much of the atmospheric mass can be found under 6km above the earths surface ?

A

50%

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11
Q

What is the average temperature of the troposphere ?

A

18 Celsius

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12
Q

How fast does the temperature drop in the troposphere?

A

6.5 Celsius/ Km (Environmental Lapse Rate)

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13
Q

What is the tropopause ?

A

The boundary between troposphere and stratosphere. Temperature remains constant here and it acts as a ceiling to the convection currents in the troposphere.

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14
Q

How far up is the tropopause ?

A

8km(Tropics)-17km(Poles)

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15
Q

What is the layer of atmosphere after the troposphere ?

A

Stratosphere

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16
Q

How far does the stratosphere extend above the tropopause ?

A

Reaches up to 50km

17
Q

Describe the stratosphere?

A

Warming temperature and very empty with low pressure

18
Q

What marks the end of he stratosphere and how far up ?

A

Stratopause 50km up

19
Q

Describe the mesosphere and thermosphere ?

A

Mesosphere: Very Very Very empty and very cold (Down to -80 Celsius )
Troposphere: Very Very Very Hot (up to 1500Celsius

20
Q

Why is the mesosphere cold ?

A

No molecules to absorb radiation it’s basically insignificant

21
Q

What does Ozone do?

A

It absorbs Ultraviolet light and releases it back as heat hence why the stratosphere, where the ozone layer is located, is very warm.

22
Q

Define weather

A

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at any given one time

23
Q

What would happen if the stratospheric ozone layer didn’t exist?

A

Organisms would be more susceptible to cancer and damage to immune systems

24
Q

When is Ozone bad for life on Earth?

A

If it is too close to earth

25
Q

What problems does close ozone pose ?

A

Smog and Greenhouse gases> respiratory problems
greenhouse gas production> global warming
Chemical oxidant > rips off oxygen molecules from animals

26
Q

Where do most of the earths weather processes occur ?

A

The troposphere

Meteorology (15 decks)

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