The Atmosphere Flashcards
Im kilometres and feet, what altitude does the troposphere go up to?
11km or 36,000ft.
What sphere is the ozone layer located in?
Stratosphere.
In the troposphere temperature decreases with height. How many feet do you need to travel for your temperature to decrease by 2 degrees?
1000ft.
What percentage of total mass air does the troposphere contain?
75%.
What percentage of the total water vapour does the troposphere contain?
99%
As a percentage, how much nitrogen is in dry air?
78%.
As a percentage, how much oxygen is in dry air?
21%.
At lower levels, what percentage of the atmospheres volume is water vapour?
4%.
Half of water vapours mass is located below what altitude in metres?
1.5km
At 36,000ft, what is the air temperature?
-56.5 degrees.
The tropopause changes its height dependant on temperature. In the Northern hemisphere, what are the three heights in the winter?
16km - 10km - 8 km
The tropopause changes its height dependant on temperature. In the Northern hemisphere, what are the three heights in the summer?
18km - 13km - 10km.
What do dotted lines on a significant weather chart indicate?
Clear air turbulence.
What do clear lines on a significant weather chart indicate?
Jet stream.
What would CB EMBD stand for on a significant weather chart?
Cumulonimbus clouds are embedded.
In the stratosphere, the temperature is constant up to what altitude?
20km / 65000ft.
What altitudes, in km, is the ozone layer present?
20-30km.
Why is cloud formation rare in the stratosphere?
Lack of water vapour.
What causes the temperature increase is the stratosphere?
The ozone layer.
What effect can ozone gas have on an a human?
Respiratory problems.
What is the ISA temperature at MSL?
+15’c
How many degrees is decreased as you increase 100m in the troposphere?
0.65.
In the states they use inches per mercury. What is the InHG at MSL?
29.92.
What is the density at MSL?
1.225kg/m^3.
What is the pressure at 5000ft?
843 Hpa.
At the surface, how high would you have to go to reduce the pressure by 1hPa?
30ft/9m.
At 18,000ft the pressure change decreases. How many feet do you have to climb to decrease the pressure by 1hPa?
48ft.
At FL300, what is the pressure?
300hPa.
At FL180, what is the pressure?
500hPa.
At ground level, the density is 1.225. As a percentage, what is the density at 22,000ft?
50%
At ground level, the density is 1.225. As a percentage, what is the density at 40,000ft?
25%
What happens to the temperature from tropopause to FL650?
It varies but remains fairly constant.
What happens to the temperature from tropopause to FL650?
It varies but remains fairly constant.
In the ICAO Standard Atmosphere the decrease in temperature with height below 11 km is blank per 100m
0.65
If the CB is ISOL then what is the expected percentage?
Less than 50%
If the CB is OCNL then what is the expected percentage?
50-75%
If the CB is FRQ then what is the expected percentage?
More than 75%
Half the mass of the atmosphere is found in the lowest..
5km
In mid-latitudes, what happens to the air temperature as altitude increases between the tropopause and FL 650?
Pretty constant
Which process is mainly responsible for the warming of layers of air in the medium levels of the troposphere?
Convection
