The articulary system II Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle of the Mandible

A
Masseter
Temporalis
Medial/internal pterygoid
Lateral/external pterygoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
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2
Q

Muscles of the Mandible : closers

A
Jaw closers - Elevation of the mandible 
Masseter
Temporalis
Internal pterygoid
External pterygoid
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3
Q

Muscles of the Mandible: openers

A

Jaw openers – Lowering of the mandible
Digastric muscle (anterior belly only)
Mylohyoid muscle
Geniohyoid muscle

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4
Q

The velum

A

Velum or “the curtain”
Four tissues of layers
Glandular layer toward the under surface (oral surface) with adipose tissue
Muscle tissue in the middle layer
Upper front layer with connective tissue (tendons)
Lower back layer with glandular tissue

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5
Q

The velum : Uvula

A

Uvula or “the little grape”

Has a richer vascular system than the velum (soft palate

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6
Q

The velum: Palatal levator/levator veli palatini

A

Palatal levator/levator veli palatini
Forms much of the bulk of the velum
Arises from the cartilagious portion of the eustachian tube
Fibers insert into the side of the velum and spread out beyond the midline
They join the fibers of the palatal levator of the opposite side
Looks like a braided string of muscle fibers
Draws the velum upward and backward

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7
Q

The velum: Palatal tensor/tensor veli palatini

A

Palatal tensor/tensor veli palatini
Lies on the outer side of the palatal levator
Has a vertical and horizontal component
Vertical component: fibers arise from the cartilaginous portion of the eustachian tube and connects to the sphenoid bone
Horizontal component: fibers insert into the hard plate and velum
Dilates the Eustachian tube
Does not really seem to tense the velum

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8
Q

The velum: Uvulus (Musculus Uvulae)

A
Uvulus (Musculus Uvulae)
The only intrinsic muscles of the velum
Extends through the soft palate
Only a few fibers reach into the uvula
Shortens the velum
Lifts the velum
Increases the thickness of the velum
Controls the stiffness of the velum
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9
Q

The velum: Palatopharyngeus muscle

A

Palatopharyngeus muscle
Its fibers arise from the lower half of the lateral wall of the pharynx and thyroid cartilage
Pass through the posterior faucial pillar
Insert into the soft palate
It is an antagonistic muscle to the palatal levator muscle
Narrows the pharynx
Pulls the velum down

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10
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles: Salpingopharyngeus

A
Salpingopharyngeus
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Middle constrictor
Inferior constrictor ( including cricopharyngeus)
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11
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles: Superior constrictor

A

Superior constrictor
Decreases the cross-sectional area of the pharynx, especially during swallowing
Assists to close of the passage way to the nasopharynx and prevents food from entering the nasopharynx

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12
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles: Middle constrictor

A

Middle constrictor
Decreases the cross-sectional area of the pharynx by pulling forward on the posterior pharyngeal wall and inward on the lateral pharyngeal wall

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13
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles: Salpingopharyngeus

A

Salpingopharyngeus

Elevation of the lateral pharyngeal wall

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14
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles:Inferior constrictor (Thyropharyngeus)

A

Inferior constrictor (Thyropharyngeus)
Decreases the cross sectional area of the lower pharynx
Inferior constrictor (Cricopharyngeus)
Constricts the upper part of the esophagus
Cricopharyngeus has to relax to open up esophagus

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15
Q

Pharyngeal Muscles: Stylopharyngeus

A

Stylopharyngeus
Pulls the lateral wall of the pharynx toward the side
Increases the cross-sectional area of the pharynx

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