The Aging Adult Flashcards by Chelsi Noniewicz | Brainscape

Q

Organisms wear out from increased metabolic functioning

A

Genetic Theory

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Q

Immunosenescense is age related decreased in immune system

function, may be related to nutrition

A

Immunity Theory

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Q

Chemical reactions causing DNA damage and cell death, cross links lead to abnormal cell function

A

Cross-Linkage Theory

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Q

High energy electrons causing irreversible damage

A

Free Radical Theory

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Q

prejudice or discrimination on the basis of a person’s age.

A

Ageism

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Q

the branch of medicine or social science dealing with the health and care of old people.

A

Geriatrics

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Q

the scientific study of old age, the process of aging, and the particular problems of old people.

A

Gerontology

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Q

nursing care for elderly patients with a focus not only on illness, but on overall health and wellness

A

Gerontological Nursing

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Q

By 2050, old-old to increase from 5.3 million to…

A

21 million

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Q

BY 2050, older population will ________ ages 0-14.

A

outnumber

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Q

Young-Old…

A

60-74 y/o

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Q

Middle-Old…

A

75-84 y/o

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Q

Old-Old

A

85+ y/o

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Q

Threshold of the “mass geriatric society”

A

People are living longer, more old people than ever before

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Q

Life expectancy as of 2004…

A

77.8 y/o

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Q

by 2030, the population of older Americans is estimated to be about…

A

71.5 million (20% of population)

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Q

Annual Exam

A

- Physical exam every 3 years to the age of 40 and every year
after
- Fecal occult blood test (stool ob)
- Oral cancer screening
- Eye exam with the test for glaucoma
- Clinical exam

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Q

A self-skin exam should be done ________.

A

Monthly

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Q

A self-breast exam should be done ________ .

A

Monthly

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Q

After the age of 40, mammograms should be done….

A

every year

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Q

Pelvic exam and PAP smear should be done every ________ years.

A

3 years

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Q

Over ________, 3 normal PAP’s, can check with provider for frequency.

A

65-70

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Q

Total Hysterectomy does not need ________.

A

cervical cancer screening.

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Q

Testicular self exam should be done…

A

Monthly

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Q

Digital rectal exam (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen

(PSA) _________ for men 50 and older

A

Annual

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Q

Colonoscopy every ____ - ____ years depending on size of polyps.

A

3-5

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Q

Post menopausal women, family history of hip fracture (fx),fracture after the age of 50, tall height at the age of 25 should have….

A

Bone Density Scan

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Q

Tetanus, diptheria (Td) booster every ____ years.

A

10

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Q

Pneumovax (PPV) given ________ when medically indicated, if 65 years
or older, of the first dose was given at age 60.

A

Annually

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Q

Zostavax at age ______ or older.

A

60

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Q

Zostavax is given for…

A

shingles ( whether or not they have had chicken pox, still given.)

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Q

Gradual, individualized changes with physical and

psychosocial wellbeing

A

Physiological Middle Adult (45-60)

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Q

Successful self-image and self-concept

A

Physiological Middle Adult (45-60)

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Q

Women undergo menopause

A

Physiological Middle Adult (45-60)

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Q

Men undergo andropause

A

Physiological Middle Adult (45-60)

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Q

Cognition + intellect are minimally impacted may be slower)

A

Physiological Middle Adult (45-60)

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Q

Career change and return to school to obtain new

knowledge and skills

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Spousal relationship may include greater stability and
security or disenchantment due to changes in physical
appearance, energy, sexual needs, and abilities

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Andropause…

A

decrease in testosterone production.

Q

Widowhood is a major crisis and role change may impact self-concept

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Generation Sandwich

A

Stuck between caring for kids and caring for parents.

Q

Empty Nest Syndrome

A

When kids leave home, may be good or bad.

Q

Impacted by aging or death of parent

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Moral development remains at the conventional level or

moves to post conventional (self-reflection, am I meeting my goals, am I doing the best for individuals in my life)

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Spiritual development is less rigid, increased faith, trust in spiritual strength

A

Psychosocial Middle Adult

Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

Starting to reflect back on past, are we meeting goals we wanted to meet?, If we have not met goals, we have stagnation (focused on self, stuck in this developmental stage)

Q

Physical and emotional problems associated with lifestyle, developmental, or situational crises, family history, and environment

A

If I get divorced, if I get laid off, if I get a disease.

Q

_________ recovery time from acute or chronic ilnesses

A

Longer

Q

Leading causes of death in middle aged adult

A

Cancer, car crash, poisoning, falls, disease (diabetes, hypertension, obesity)

Q

Nutritional needs for middle aged adult

A

high fiber, decrease in caloric intake if less energy is used.

Q

Health recommendations for middle adult (My Plate)

A

reduce calories
Low fat
Low cholesterol
High fruits and vegetables
High fiber
Sodium and sugar in moderation

Q

How much activity is recommended for middle age adult?

A

30-60 minutes

Q

As the nurse of a middle aged adult, we should teach the dangers of…

A

substance abuse, smoking, and alcohol consumption

Q

Overall decline in function and efficiency

A

Physiologic Older Adult

Q

Integrated activity systems most affected

A

Physiologic Older Adult

Q

Self perception of health in an older adult…

A

With or Without Disease
80% have at least one illness
60% have two or more illnesses

Q

A physiologic older adult will remain…

A

self-reliant, will learn to “make-do”

Q

In the physiologic older adult, sense of _______ and __________ over self and environment is especially important.

A

control + independence

Q

General status of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

become fragile, harder to maintain homeostasis, harder to adapt to changes.

Q

Integument of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Skin become thinner, decreases elasticity (turgor), dry, scaly, wrinkles. Balding, hair pigmentation changes. Nails become brittle and thicker, discoloration.

Q

Musculoskeletal of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Decrease muscle mass/tone/strength. May have Kyphosis (spinal changes). Increased difficulty for thermoregualtion.

Q

Neurologic of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Problems with reflexes, slower CNS functioning (esp with multisensory information, do small simple sessions). Cognitive changes, balance, memory.

Q

Special senses of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Changes in taste and smell; decreases appetite; increased salt intake (raises to water retention, sodium imbalance, hypertension). May need hearing aids, glasses.

Q

Cardiopulmonary of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Blood vessels become less elastic; less return, activity intolerance.

Q

Gastrointestinal of Physiologic Older Adult…

A

Decreases peristalsis; constipation–reduction in fluid/food intake. Decreased appetite + decreased gastric acid; malnutrition. May become anemic due to low iron absorption

Q

Genitourinary of Physiologic Older Adult

A

Increased urination, especially at night. Decreased urine concentration.

Q

Does not change appreciably in Older adult

A

Cognitive ability

Q

May take longer to respond and react to stimuli or situations

A

Cognitive ability

Q

Relatively stable throughout the adult life

A

Psychosocial self-concept

Q

Disengagement Theory

A

aging is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between the aging person and others in the social system he belongs to

Q

Ego integrity versus despair and disgust

A

Erikson

Q

Major tasks are maintenance of social contracts and

relationships

A

Havinghurst

Q

Older adults have completed their moral development and

most are at the conventional level

A

Kolberg

Q

Spirituality in Older Adult

A

Adult may be at earlier level

- Individual reflection

Q

Demonstrate conjunctive faith and trust in a greater

power

A

Older Adult

Q

Self-transcendence is a characteristic of later life

A

Older Adult

Q

Chronic illness may limit activities in almost _______ of older adults.

A

Half

Q

Meeting expenses of healthcare is often difficult for the older adult due to…

A

Medication costs, Hospitalizations, Special Equipment + Supplies

Q

Downward spiral and decline in an older frail adult

triggered by a medical or nursing intervention that causes a sequence of adverse events

A

Cascade Iatrogenesis

Q

Assessment of The Aging Adult

A

SPICES

Q

S

A

Sleep Disorder

Q

P

A

Problems with eating or feeding

Q

I

A

Incontinence

Q

C

A

Confusion

Q

E

A

Evidence of Falls

Q

S

A

Skin Breakdown

Q

______ adults have the largest use of medications

A

Older

Q

Many medications

A

Polypharmacy

Q

the branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body.

A

Pharmacokinetics

Q

the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their action

A

Pharmacodynamics

Q

Nursing Care Goals for older adult

A

Promote independence
Support the individual’s strengths
Prevent complications of illness
Secure a safe and comfortable environment
Promote return to health