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Sleep + Rest Flashcards

1
Q

Period of rest for the mind

and body

A

Sleep

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2
Q

Alterations in consciousness

A

Sleep

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3
Q

Relative inactivity

A

Sleep

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4
Q

State of well-being

A

Rest

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5
Q

Relaxation without emotional stress

A

Rest

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6
Q

Associated with decreased activity

A

Rest

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7
Q

Active complex rhythmic state with progression of repeated cycles

A

Sleep

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8
Q

Circadian rhythm is associated with what?

A

Sleep

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9
Q

Sleep-Wake Cycle; 24-Hour Biological Sleep Clock

A

Circadian Rhythm

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10
Q

What does sleep deprivation lead to?

A

Hallucination, altered thought processes, changes in mood and mentality.

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11
Q

What is a sleep deprived person’s tolerance to pain and stress going to be?

A

low tolerance

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12
Q

Stage 1 of Sleep

A

Transitional Stage

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13
Q

Right before you fall asleep, relaxed but can still be easily woken.

A

Transitional Stage

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14
Q

What happens to muscles in stage 1 of NREM sleep?

A

Muscle jerks

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15
Q

How long does tran last for?

A

75% of sleep is stages 1-4 of NREM

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16
Q

Stage 2 of NREM

A

Falls into stage of sleep

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17
Q

Stage 3 accounts for roughly _____ % of individuals sleep

A

10%

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18
Q

Stage 4 of NREM

A

Greatest depth of sleep

Physiologic changes within the body

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19
Q

Stage 3 of NREM

A

Increased Depth

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20
Q

Stage 4 of NREM accounts for ______ % of NREM

A

10%

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21
Q

During REM, eyes…

A

dart back and forth

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22
Q

During REM, _______ muscles twitch. (face)

A

small

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23
Q

REM counts for ______ - ______ % of sleep

A

20-25%

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24
Q

Irregular respirations,

with some apnea; Rapid or irregular pulse

A

REM Sleep

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25
Q

Increased gastric
secretions; Increased metabolism
and body temperature

A

REM Sleep

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26
Q

REM Rebound

A

When you can catch up on deep sleep

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27
Q

Active EEG tracings

A

REM Sleep

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28
Q

REM enters from stage II NREM and reenters NREM at stage _____.

A

2

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29
Q

How many cycles do we go through each night?

A

4-5 cycles

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30
Q

Each sleep cycle lasts for about _____ - _____ minutes.

A

90-100

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31
Q

External factors influencing circadian rhythm

A

Alcohol, children, outside noises, anything outside of the body.

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32
Q

Internal factors affecting circadian rhythm

A

Hormones, anxiety, stress, emotional tension.

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33
Q

Biologic clock is completed every….

A

24 hrs

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34
Q

Circadian Rhythm affects…

A

heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature,

hormones, metabolism, and performance and mood

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35
Q

Making the adaptations to the circadian rhythm to fit lifestyle changes (working nights)

A

Circadian Synchronization

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36
Q

Sleep-wake cycle follow internal clock within the…

A

Hypothalamus

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37
Q

High Physiologic + Psychological rhythm indicates…

A

awake

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38
Q

Low Physiologic + psychological rhythm indicates…

A

sleep

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39
Q

Sleep ________ as we age.

40
Q

Factors affecting sleep?

A

Age, Motivation, Culture, Environment, Illness, Exercise, Stress, Alcohol, Nicotine/caffeine, Diet, Lifestyle, Medications.

41
Q

Average amount of sleep toddlers get?

42
Q

School age sleep average?

43
Q

Adolescent age sleep average?

A

Recommended 8 hrs, but puberty and social pressures may affect that.

44
Q

Adult sleep average?

A

Recommended 8 hours, but affected by work, family, social pressures and responsibilities.

45
Q

Older adult sleep average?

A

5-7 hours; impacted by need to go to the bathroom and physiologic changes. Longer to fall asleep, not as well quality REM sleep

46
Q

Motivation for sleep can go either way. How does motivation affect sleep?

A

Positive or negative.
If not motivated in life, may oversleep.
If very motivated in life, may undersleep (have to get things finished).

47
Q

How does culture affect sleep?

A

Naps, Sleep times, Work culture, bedtime rituals (pray, read bible), sleeping position/places of sleep.

48
Q

How does illness affect sleep?

A

If you’re in pain, you may not be able to sleep.
Medications for illness may make you oversleep, or they may prevent you from sleeping (diuretics will cause increased urination throughout the night).

49
Q

If someone is ill, how does their sleeping pattern change?

A

The need more sleep for healing.

50
Q

Exercise can help promote sleep, but only if it is ______ hours or more before bed.

51
Q

Stress impacts sleep by…

A

preventing an individual from sleeping due to worry.

52
Q

Alcohol affects sleep by…

A

not providing quality/quantity of sleep.

53
Q

Should not drink alcohol within ____ hours before bed.

54
Q

Nicotine and caffeine affect sleep by…

A

Keeping you awake; stimulant.

55
Q

Best foods to eat before bed?

A

Small snack of protein + carbs.

56
Q

Sleeping medications are used as…

A

short-term meds to help them sleep.

57
Q

Antihistamines may cause…

A

drowsiness

58
Q

Environment in hospital may include…

A

Lights, bed, noise, roommate, procedures.

59
Q

Sleep disorder characterized by insomnia or excessive sleepiness

60
Q

Patterns of waking behaviors that appear during sleep

A

Parasomnia

sleep walking, talking, etc.

61
Q

Decrease in amount, consistency, or quality of

sleep (quality + quantity)

A

Sleep Deprivation

62
Q

Difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or early waking from sleep

63
Q

Most common sleep disorder?

64
Q

Who is most effected by insomnia?

A

Women, Older individuals.

65
Q

What are some clinical manifestations of insomnia?

A

Mood changes, problems concentrating.

66
Q

Treatments for insomnia?

A

Medications (short term), meditation, acupuncture, guided imagery.

67
Q

Too much sleep, especially

during the day

A

Hypersomnia

68
Q

Causes of hypersomnia?

A

Depression, puberty, stress.

69
Q

What are the clinical
manifestations of
hypersomnia?

A

Irritability, decreased concentration, mood changes

70
Q

What is treatment for

hypersomnia?

A

Identify problem, treat it.

71
Q

Uncontrollable desire to sleep; Sleep attack during the day.

A

Narcolepsy

72
Q

Narcolepsy is a ________ disorder.

A

neurological

73
Q

How can narcolepsy be treated?

A

Medication, stimulants.

74
Q

Stop breathing between snoring internals from 10 seconds to

2 minutes; serious problem.

A

Sleep Apnea

75
Q

When something (tongue, tonsils, soft pallet) obstructs airway during sleep.

A

Obstructive sleep apnea

76
Q

Clinical manifestations of sleep apnea?

A

Snoring, gasping for air.

77
Q

Treatment of sleep apnea?

A

Find cause, treat, CPAP Machine.

78
Q

A disorder in which your breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep; Occurs because your brain doesn’t send proper signals to the muscles that control your breathing

A

Central Sleep Apnea

79
Q

Inability to lie still, feeling of tingling in legs.

A

Restless Leg Syndrome

80
Q

Clinical manifestations of RLS?

A

Tingling of legs, lack of sleep,

81
Q

Treatment of RLS?

A

Exercise to tire out legs, herbal remedies, mild analgesics, avoid stimulants.

82
Q

Waking activities or behaviors that occur

during sleep

A

Parasomnia

83
Q

Somnambulism

A

Sleep walking

84
Q

Sleep talking is a …

A

Parasomnia

85
Q

Night terrors are a…

A

Parasomnia

86
Q

Bruxism

A

grinding of teeth

87
Q

When someone is having a night terror, never ________ them.

88
Q

Enuresis

A

wetting the bed, having to urinate in the middle of the night.

89
Q

Sleep related eating disorders…

A

Wake up to eat, go back to bed, not even realizing it.

90
Q

Assessing sleep…

A

Usual sleep/wake pattern.

  • Time of sleep and wakefulness
  • Hours of uninterrupted sleep
  • Quality of sleep
  • Naps
91
Q

Assessing naps

A

Need for nap
Length of nap
Frequency of nap

92
Q

When is a nap the most successful?

A

late morning/mid-afternoon

93
Q

Sleep Affect on daily functioning

A
  • Ability to perform ADL

- Functionality throughout the day

94
Q

Sleep aids…

A
  • Preparations for sleep
  • Sleep rituals
  • Environment
95
Q

Sleep disturbances…

A

Medications, illness, environment, etc.

96
Q

Subjective sleep assessment

A

“I’m so tired.”
“I’m exhausted.”
“My eyes burn.”
“I haven’t slept in days.”

97
Q

Objective sleep assessment

A

Yawning, eyes glazed, rubbing eyes, slow speech,

irritable, lethargic

Concepts (15 decks)

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