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Concepts > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Type of neuropathic pain, in response to a non-painful stimuli (Ex. brain freeze)

A

Allodynia Pain

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2
Q

Pain that is not responding to treatment; cannot take it away.

A

Intractable Pain

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3
Q

Pain receptors are gone, but pain is still there. (Ex. Amputation)

A

Phantom Pain

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4
Q

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic pain; changes within the body,

A

Physiologic Response to Pain

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5
Q

Pain response related to our behaviors (Ex. Grimaces)

A

Behavioral Response to Pain

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6
Q

Pain response related to our emotions

A

Affective Response to Pain

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7
Q

MAKE SURE YOU REVIEW BANDAGING, CHELSI!

A

SERIOUSLY, DO IT.

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8
Q

Factors affecting Pain Reception?

A 
Cultural and ethical variables
Family, gender, and age
Religious beliefs
Environment and support
Anxiety and stress
Past pain experience
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9
Q

Parasympathetic pain is….

A

severe to deep (nausea, vomiting, pass out)

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10
Q

Sympathetic pain is…

A

Superficial, moderate.

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11
Q

With parasympathetic, almost everything is decreasing, but the _______ is increasing.

A

Breathing

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12
Q

Behavioral responses are…

A

Voluntary

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13
Q

Exaggerated crying, withdrawal from activities, internalizing pain, anxiety, depression, fear.

A

Affective Response to Pain

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14
Q

If person verbalizes that they are in pain, we have them…

A

Rank their pain from 1-10

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15
Q

Duration of pain

A

How long does the pain last?

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16
Q

Location of pain

A

Where the pain is. May be hard for person to pinpoint location.

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17
Q

Quantity of pain

A

Pain level 1-10

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18
Q

Quality of pain

A

Is is sharp? Is it stabbing? Description of pain

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19
Q

Chronology of Pain

A

When did it start? What is it related to? How has it progressed?

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20
Q

Aggravating factors

A

What makes the pain worse? Stimuli.

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21
Q

Alleviating factors

A

What makes the pain better? What gives relief?

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22
Q

Physiologic indicators of pain

A

Sympathetic + parasympathetic response

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23
Q

PQRST

A 
Provokes
Quality 
Radiate (location)
Severity
Timing
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24
Q

Morphine, hydrocodone, delatid, controlled substances

A

Opioids

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25
Q

Opioids can reduce…

A

heart rate and respiratory rate

26
Q

Tylenol, ibuprofen, motrin, advil, over the counter.

A

Nonopioids

27
Q

Medications that don’t treat pain directly, but treat source of pain.

A

Adjuvant Medications.

28
Q

Steroids, Antidepressants, Anticonvulsants

A

Adjuvant Medications

29
Q

When we stop medication, we go through withdrawal.

A

Physical dependence.

30
Q

We need more medication to get the same affect.

A

Tolerance

31
Q

Compulsive abuse of medication.

A

Addiction

32
Q

Distraction, humor, music therapy, guided imagery, hypnosis, acupuncture, relaxation, therapeutic touch.

A

Alternative methods to pain

33
Q

Learning your individual triggers to pain, pain precursors.

A

Biofeedback

34
Q

Electrical nerve stimulation

A

Cutaneous stimulation

35
Q

4 Processes of Pain

A

1) transduction
2) transmission
3) perception
4) modulation

36
Q

the activation of pain receptors

A

Transduction

37
Q

the ability to feel painful stimuli

A

Nociceptors

38
Q

convey diffuse, visceral pain that is often described as burning and aching.

A

C-Fibers

39
Q

transmit acute, well localized pain

A

A-Delta Fibers

40
Q

peripheral nerve fibers that transmit pain from somatic and visceral sites (pain receptors)

A

Nocioreceptors

41
Q

the amount of stimuli we need in order to have a response

A

Pain Threshhold

42
Q

conduction of pain sensations from the area of injury to the spinal cord and higher centers within the brain

A

Transmission

43
Q

the process by which the sensation of pain is inhibited or modified. (way that we can deal/manage the pain within the body)

A

Modulation

44
Q

endogenous opioid compounds (they are naturally present in the body)

A

Neuromodulators

45
Q

pharmaceutical agent used to relieve pain

A

Analgesic

46
Q

An opioid neuromodulator produced at neural synapses at various points along the CNS. Prolonged analgesic effects.

A

Endorphins

47
Q

most potent analgesic effect

A

Dynorphin

48
Q

A way that our body can block off severe pain. Large diameter nerves block the transmission of small nerve fibers impulses to the brain to block the pain.

A

Gate Control Theory

49
Q

sharp pain, preventative in nature because it warns person of tissue damage. After underlying cause is resolved and healing occurs acute pain should disappear.

A

Acute pain

50
Q

long term pain, no specific time period, lasts beyond normal healing period. May be hard to identify and treat. Can lead to mood changes, irritability and depression.

A

Chronic Pain

51
Q

when the disease is present but the person does not experience symptoms

A

Remission

52
Q

Symptoms of disease reappear

A

Exacerbation

53
Q

termed with cancer or other progressive disorders, pain that progresses with issues

A

Chronic Malignant Pain

54
Q

pain associated with the injury that is non progressive or is completely healed

A

Chronic Nonmalignant Pain

55
Q

something that is created in the mind. It’s subjective pain–there are no physical signs that the person is/is not in pain.

A

Psychogenic Pain

56
Q

pain of the skin/subcutaneous tissue. Ex. paper cut that produces sharp pain with burning sensation.

A

Cutaneous (superficial) Pain

57
Q

Is diffuse or scattered and originates in tendons, ligaments, bones blood vessels and nerves. Ex, strong pressure on a bone or damage to tissue that occurs with a sprain causes deep somatic pain.

A

Somatic Pain

58
Q

Poorly localized and originates in the body organs in the thorax, cranium and abdomen. This pain occurs as organs stretch abnormally and become distended. Ex. Appendicitis.

A

Visceral Pain

59
Q

Pain can originate in one part of the body but be perceived in an area distant from it’s point of origin.

A

Referred Pain

60
Q

Dealing with the nerve innervation, it can be hard to treat because we may not be able to pin point the exact cause of the pain. Example heart attack-person feels pain in their left arm but is really experiencing a heart attack.

A

Referred Pain

61
Q

refers to the normal process that results in noxious stimuli being perceived as painful.

A

Nociceptive Pain

62
Q

a characteristic feature of neuropathic pain, is pain that occurs after a weak or non-painful stimuli, such as a light touch or a cold drink, which normally should not cause pain.

A

Allodynia Pain

Concepts (15 decks)

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