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OCR A level RE > The Afterlife - DCT > Flashcards

The Afterlife - DCT Flashcards

1
Q

What is Sheol in Jewish belief?

A

The afterlife where all souls go after death.

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2
Q

What is the Greek word for Sheol?

A

Hades.

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3
Q

What is particular judgement?

A

God’s judgement immediately after death.

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4
Q

What is general judgement?

A

God’s judgement at the end of time.

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5
Q

What is Gehenna?

A

A place of fire where sinners are sent, mentioned by Jesus.

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6
Q

What does ‘place’ mean in afterlife concepts?

A

A physical location.

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7
Q

What does ‘state’ mean in afterlife concepts?

A

A non-physical, spiritual existence.

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8
Q

What does ‘symbol’ mean in religious language?

A

A metaphor for psychological or moral truths.

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9
Q

What is meant by ‘New Earth’?

A

A restored Earth after the end of time for the righteous.

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10
Q

What is the moral of the rich man and Lazarus parable?

A

Helping the poor is necessary to avoid damnation.

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11
Q

Why is particular judgement supported by this story (rich man and lazarus)?

A

The rich man is judged before his family dies.

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12
Q

Why is this story seen as symbolic by some (rich man and lazarus)?

A

Because it aligns with Jewish ideas of Sheol.

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13
Q

What does the rich man and lazarus suggest about the afterlife?

A

That it might be physical, with voices and water.

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14
Q

What is a counterargument to the rich man and lazarus not being about heaven?

A

It refers to Hades, not Gehenna.

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15
Q

Why is Lazarus’ name important in the story?

A

It could suggest a real event, not a parable.

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16
Q

What is Luther’s view on the story of the rich man and lazarus?

A

It’s symbolic of the conscience, not literal.

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17
Q

What problem challenges Luther’s interpretation of the rich man and lazarus?

A

The rich man wanted to warn his family, implying awareness.

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18
Q

What does N. T. Wright say about the story of the rich man and lazarus?

A

It shares traits with other parables focusing on justice.

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19
Q

What is resurrection of the flesh?

A

The belief in physical resurrection of the body.

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20
Q

What is Paul’s term for Jesus’ resurrection?

A

‘Firstfruits’ of resurrection.

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21
Q

How does Paul describe resurrected bodies?

A

Imperishable, glorious, powerful, and spiritual.

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22
Q

What is Augustine’s view on resurrected bodies?

A

They must be physical like Christ’s.

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23
Q

What does the resurrection suggest about the afterlife?

A

It is eternal and physical.

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24
Q

What is the ‘cannibal problem’ in resurrection?

A

Bodies shared by consumption can’t be resurrected fully.

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25
How is this 'cannibal problem' answered theologically?
God’s omnipotence – all things are possible.
26
How did Jesus' post-resurrection body behave?
It could appear/disappear, suggesting a changed form.
27
What does the empty tomb suggest?
That Jesus’ body was physically resurrected.
28
What is spiritual resurrection?
Resurrection in non-physical or symbolic form.
29
Who were the Docetists?
Early Christians who believed in non-physical resurrection.
30
Why was Docetism rejected?
It contradicted the idea that Jesus really suffered.
31
How does St Paul describe spiritual bodies?
'Spiritual' meaning refined, not non-physical.
32
What does N. T. Wright say about the 'soul'?
NT rarely mentions it; Christians misunderstood it due to Plato.
33
What is the Hebrew word for soul?
Nephesh – meaning a living, God-breathed creature.
34
What is the symbolic view of the afterlife?
Heaven and hell are metaphors for moral/psychological states.
35
Why do liberal Christians support the symbolic view of the afterlife?
They see the Bible as human interpretation of divine events.
36
What is a drawback of the liberal view of the afterlife (symbolic)?
It lacks a stable theology and opens up personal interpretation.
37
What does symbolic hell represent?
The suffering we bring on ourselves from bad behaviour.
38
What does symbolic heaven represent?
The happiness from moral living.
39
What is purgatory symbolically?
A symbol of repentance and purification.
40
What is purgatory in Catholicism?
A temporary place of purification before heaven.
41
What is the biblical basis for purgatory?
2 Maccabees 12:46 – prayer for the dead.
42
Which parable challenges purgatory?
The sheep and the goats – no middle ground.
43
What does Ecclesiastes 9:5 say?
The dead know nothing.
44
Why does 2 Timothy 4:1 challenge purgatory?
It says judgement is at Christ’s second coming.
45
What is the moral argument for purgatory?
It's just to cleanse minor sins before heaven.
46
What corruption is associated with purgatory?
The Catholic sale of indulgences.
47
What did Luther say about purgatory?
It was fabricated to sell indulgences.
48
Can purgatory be defended without indulgences?
Yes, as a moral doctrine, though its biblical basis is debated.
49
What is limited election?
Only some are chosen by God for salvation.
50
What is unlimited election?
Everyone can be saved, but not all are.
51
What is universalism?
Everyone will eventually be saved.
52
What is Augustine’s view on grace and election?
Only those who receive God’s grace will be saved.
53
What does Ephesians 2:8 say about grace?
It is a gift, not earned by works.
54
What is double predestination?
God chooses some for heaven and others for hell.
55
What is Pelagius' objection to predestination?
It is unjust to punish people for inherited sin.
56
What is Augustine's response to Pelagius?
We are punished due to a natural consequence of Adam’s sin.
57
Why is original sin still seen as unjust?
It punishes people for something not their fault.
58
How does Augustine justify the injustice of original sin?
God’s judgement is inscrutable but just.
59
What problem does child suffering pose?
It challenges the justice of original sin.
60
What did Augustine say about God's love?
It’s not what 21st-century people expect, but still just.
61
What does Psalm 25:10 say?
'All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth.'
62
What is Hick’s view of purgatory?
It is a continuation of moral development after death.
63
Why does Hick reject Hell?
Eternal punishment is disproportionate.
64
What does Hume say about eternal punishment?
Finite sins don’t justify infinite punishment.
65
What is the critique of Hick's universalism?
It may remove motivation for moral behaviour.
66
How does Hick defend this?
Improvement is still necessary for entry to heaven.
67
What is annihilationism?
The soul is destroyed in Hell, not tormented forever.
68
What verse supports the view of annihilationism?
Matthew 10:28 – destroy body and soul in Gehenna.
69
How does this solve the Hell problem of annihilationism?
Removes eternal torment while keeping justice.
70
What is the counterargument to annihilationism?
'Eternal punishment' implies suffering.
71
What is a defence of annihilationism?
Eternal punishment can mean loss of existence.
72
What translation issue affects annihilationism?
Ancient languages lacked a word for 'annihilate'.

OCR A level RE (27 decks)

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