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GR9The Living World > The 5 senses > Flashcards

The 5 senses Flashcards

1
Q

Eye: What is the stimulus?

A

Light.

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2
Q

Eye: What is the receiver?

A

Eye.

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3
Q

Eye: What is the transformer?

A

Retina.

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4
Q

Eye: What is the conductor?

A

Optic Nerve.

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5
Q

Eye: What is the analyzer?

A

Brain.

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6
Q

Eye: What is the cornea?

A

The transparent part that bulges in front of the iris and pupil and is the continuity of the sclera.

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7
Q

Eye: What is the aqueous humour?

A

A transparent jelly in between the cornea and the iris.

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8
Q

Eye: What is the iris?

A

The coloured part of the eye.

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9
Q

Eye: What does the iris do?

A

It adjusts the amount of light going on the retina.

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10
Q

Eye: What is the pupil?

A

The hole in the eye.

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11
Q

Eye: What is the lens?

A

A convex shaped thing that contracts and extends depending on the distance of the object to focus on it.

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12
Q

Eye: What does the lens do?

A

It flips the light and focuses it on the retina.

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13
Q

Eye: What is the vitreous humour?

A

A transparent jelly in between the lens and the retina.

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14
Q

Eye: What is the retina?

A

Its where the light/image focuses on.

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15
Q

Eye: What light sensitive highly specialized cells are on the retina?

A

Rods and cones.

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16
Q

Eye: What do rods and cones do?

A

They transform light and images into nerve impulses.

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17
Q

Eye: What is the choroid?

A

Its the continued part of the iris.

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18
Q

Eye: What is the choroid made up of?

A

Blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to the eye.

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19
Q

Eye: What is the sclera?

A

The white tough surface of the eye except the cornea.

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20
Q

Eye: What is the optic nerve?

A

A wire like thing that sends the nerve impulses to the brain.

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21
Q

Eye: Where is the blind spot?

A

Its where the optic nerve begins.

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22
Q

Eye: Where is the fovea?

A

The back and center of the retina.

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23
Q

Eye: What is refraction?

A

It’s when light travels at different speeds through different media.

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24
Q

Eye: How do we see?

A

The image/light gets flipped onto the retina when it goes through the lens, then gets flipped back upright by our brain.

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25
Q

Eye: Whats the scientific term for nearsightedness?

A

Myopia.

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26
Q

Eye: Whats the scientific term for farsightedness?

A

Hyperopia.

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27
Q

Eye: Myopia: The light focuses too near so the image is formed where?

A

In front of the retina.

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28
Q

Eye: Myopia: Why is the image in front of the retina? (Name 3 things)

A

The eyeball is too long, the lens is too thick, or strong ciliary muscles.

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29
Q

Eye: How can you correct the vision of a myopic person?

A

A concave lens.

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30
Q

Eye: Hyperopia: The light focuses too far so the image is formed where?

A

Behind the retina.

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31
Q

Eye: Hyperopia: Why is the image behind the retina? (Name 3 things)

A

The eyeball is too short, the lens is too thin, or weak ciliary muscles.

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32
Q

Eye: How can you correct the vision of a farsighted person?

A

A convex lens.

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33
Q

Eye: What is presbyopia?

A

The same as hyperopia except its due to aging.

34
Q

Eye: What happens with presbyopia?

A

The lens loses its elasticity and cant bend the light as much therefore it focuses beyond the retina.

35
Q

Ear: Whats the stimulus?

A

Sound waves.

36
Q

Ear: Whats the receiver?

A

Ear.

37
Q

Ear: Whats the transformer?

A

The cochlea.

38
Q

Ear: Whats the conductor?

A

Auditory nerve.

39
Q

Ear: Whats the analyzer?

A

Brain.

40
Q

Ear: Whats the auricle and what does it do?

A

The outside part that we see and it captures the sound and directs it to the ear drum.

41
Q

Ear: What is the auditory canal and what do the glands produce?

A

The tube in your ear leading to the ear drum and it secretes cereumen, (ear wax).

42
Q

Ear: The auditory canal is lined with what to trap impurities?

A

Hairs.

43
Q

Ear: What is an ear drum and what does it do?

A

It’s a thin membrane that vibrates the ossicles.

44
Q

Ear: Ear drums are very sensitive to what?

A

Pressure change.

45
Q

Ear: What are ossicles?

A

The 3 little bones/the smallest bones in t`he body.

46
Q

Ear: Name the 3 ossicles.

A

1-Hammer
2-Anvil
3-Stirrup

47
Q

Ear: How do the ossicles work together?

A

They vibrate together and make a domino effect to amplify the sound.

48
Q

Ear: What is the cochlea?

A

It’s a tube that coils around itself and that is specialized with hair cells.

49
Q

Ear: What does the cochlea DO?

A

It turns it into nerve impulses/electricity.

50
Q

Ear: What helps you maintain your balance?

A

Semi-circular canals,(there are 3).

51
Q

Ear: Where is the auditory nerve connected to? (Name 2 things).

A

To the cochlea and the semi-circular canals.

52
Q

Ear: What does the auditory nerve do?

A

It sends the nerve impulses to the brain.

53
Q

Ear: What does the cochlea contain?

A

Nerve endings essential for hearing.

54
Q

Ear: What does the eustachian tube do?

A

It equalizes pressure on either side of the ear drum.

55
Q

Touch: What is the largest organ of the body?

A

Skin.

56
Q

Touch: How many layers is skin made of?

A

2

57
Q

Touch: The outer layer of the skin is called what?

A

Epidermis.

58
Q

Touch: What bis the epidermis made of?

A

Epithelial tissues.

59
Q

Touch: The epidermis contains 2 types of cells, name them.

A

Keratin and melanin.

60
Q

Touch: What is keratin?

A

A protein that makes the skin waterproof.

61
Q

Touch: What is melanin?

A

A brown pigment that colours the skin.

62
Q

Touch: The inner layer is called what?

A

Dermis.

63
Q

Touch: What cools the body and where does it exert the body?

A

Sweat glands through pores.

64
Q

Touch: Where does hair grow? (pockets)

A

Hair follicles.

65
Q

Touch: What are connected to the hair follicles and what do they do?

A

Oil glands that keep the skin and hair soft.

66
Q

Taste: How often do taste buds grow back?

A

Every 4 days.

67
Q

Taste: The organ we use to taste is called what?

A

Tongue.

68
Q

Taste: What are the receptors on the tongue?

A

Taste buds.

69
Q

Taste: To taste something what do we need?

A

Saliva.

70
Q

Taste: What are the openings in the taste buds?

A

Taste pores.

71
Q

Taste: What two senses are linked in this case?

A

Smell and taste.

72
Q

Taste: How does smell aid in tasting things?

A

Air enters from the nose and goes into the back of the throat so we taste a strong odor that we breathe in.

73
Q

Smell: The nose is made up of what 2 things?

A

1-Bone

2-Cartilage

74
Q

Smell: What are two openings that air is inhale and exhaled in?

A

Nostrils.

75
Q

Smell: Why are the nasal passages curved?

A

So that air flows and changes directions.

76
Q

Smell: _____ ______ are invisible particles given off by smelly things.

A

Scent molecules.

77
Q

Smell: As you breathe in, some of these molecules enter the nose and reach the _____ _____.

A

Receptors cells.

78
Q

Smell: Electrical impulses are sent to the brain from what nerve?

A

Olfactory nerve.

79
Q

Smell: Where do the scent messages register as smell?

A

The olfactory bulb.

80
Q

Smell: We have different receptors for _______ ______.

A

Different gases.

GR9The Living World (11 decks)

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