Cells, Tissues and cell cultures

Question 1

What happens when a sperm cell and egg cell collide?

Answer 1

A zygote is formed.

Question 2

Cells have 3 main components, what is the general term to represent them?

Answer 2

Organelle.

Question 3

What are organelles?

Answer 3

Very small organs inside each cell.

Question 4

Name 5 cell organelles.

Answer 4

1-Cell membrane
2-Nucleus
3-chromosomes
4-Cytoplasm
5-Mitochondria

Question 5

What is the cell membrane?

Answer 5

Its the skin that contains all the components of a cell. (The outer layer).

Question 6

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 6

It controls what goes in and out of the cell.

Question 7

What is the nucleus?

Answer 7

Its located in the center of the cell.

Question 8

What’s the purpose of the nucleus?

Answer 8

Control center of everything occurring in the cell.

Question 9

What are chromosomes?

Answer 9

Rod shaped bodies in the nucleus.

Question 10

What are chromosomes made up of?

Answer 10

DNA and proteins.

Question 11

Where do chromosomes come from?

Answer 11

They are hereditary and come from the genes.

Question 12

Whats cytoplasm?

Answer 12

Fluid that surrounds all the organelles in the cell.

Question 13

What is mitochondria?

Answer 13

Its what allows the cell to have enough energy by transforming sugar into energy.

Question 14

All cells are the same at the beginning, what are they called?

Answer 14

Stem cells.

Question 15

What tells the cell how to behave?

Answer 15

DNA.

Question 16

When does the cell become specialized?

Answer 16

During the development of the embryo.

Question 17

Stem cells can become what? Name 4 examples.

Answer 17

1-Bone cells
2-skin cells
3-Muscle cells
4-Nerve cells

Question 18

What are tissues made up of?

Answer 18

Cells of the same kind working together.

Question 19

What are the 4 major types of tissues?

Answer 19

1- Connective tissues
2-Muscle tissues
3-Epithelial tissues
4-Nervous tissues

Question 20

Connective Tissues: The framework around muscles are strands of _____, ___ ____, and ____ ____.

Answer 20

Collagen, simple cells, and elastic fibers.

Question 21

Epithelial Tissues: what are the epithelial cells used for?

Answer 21

They’re used to form the outer layer of the body and are exposed to the outer environment.

Question 22

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue and give a definition?

Answer 22

1-Skeletal: Bones
2-Smooth: Blood vessels/hallow organs/stomach
3-Cardiac: Heart

Question 23

What do the nervous tissues do?

Answer 23

They send electrical burst to multiple organs in the body.

Question 24

When cells combine they form what?

Answer 24

Tissues.

Question 25

When tissues combine they form what?

Answer 25

Organs.

Question 26

When organs combine they form what?

Answer 26

Systems ,(For ex digestive system).

Question 27

What are cell cultures used for?

Answer 27

To develop vaccines and to create tissues.

Question 28

Scientists use flasks, petri dishes, etc to separate the targeted cells in ________.

Answer 28

Tissues.

Question 29

What are in these flasks and petri dishes?

Answer 29

Everything the cells need to live.

Question 30

Why do we do this in the flasks and petri dishes?

Answer 30

So that the cells can grow and reproduce properly.

Question 31

How does the environment need to be?

Answer 31

Sterile.

Question 32

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 32

D: Deoxyribo N: Nucleic A: Acid

Question 33

Where can you find DNA?

Answer 33

In the nucleus.

Question 34

What does DNA contain?

Answer 34

Genetic code of the organisms.

Question 35

How is DNA shaped?

Answer 35

Double Helix

Question 36

The sides of the Double Helix are made up of two types of molecules. Name them.

Answer 36

1- Sugar | 2- Phosphate

Question 37

Each "step" of the Double Helix is made of what?

Answer 37

Neucleotide bases.

Question 38

What are the four kinds of nitrogen bases?

Answer 38

1- Adenine (A) 2- Guanine (G) 3- Thymine (T) 4- Cytosine (C)

Question 39

Which nitrogen bases link together?

Answer 39

A - T G - C ATGC = At The Gangsters Crib

Question 40

Whats a gene?

Answer 40

It is a segment of DNA and it's what makes everyone's DNA different.

Question 41

All of our genes together is called what?

Answer 41

The human genome.

Question 42

DNA contains molecules that are called what?

Answer 42

Chromosomes.

Question 43

The nucleus of each cell (excluding reproductive cells) contains 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of ____ chromosomes.

Answer 43

46.

Question 44

Men and Women share 44 similar chromosomes. What are the other two chromosomes for?

Answer 44

The other two chromosomes are for the different sexes.

Question 45

Women have what two chromosomes?

Answer 45

Two X chromosomes.

Question 46

Men have what two chromosomes?

Answer 46

One Y chromosome and one X chromosome.