The 1848 Revolutions

Question 1

Sicily: How is Ferdinand Unseated i.e. what battle ultimately frees Sicily?

Answer 1

Peasants clash with troops in Palermo and still win despite 5000 troop reinforcements.
Raid ends on 27th Jan when ferd removes troops.

Question 2

Sicily: What is Ferdinand’s last ditch attempt at revolution quelling before he is forced to flee?

Answer 2

January 18th 1848 -Offer of autonomy to the people, who ignore and continue to revolt, controlling most of the island at this point.

Question 3

Sicily: What did the middle class do to slow down peasants who are looting, and burning tax records?

Answer 3

Civic guard to control the masses, elects a parliament and declares separation from Naples and Sicily declaring Ferdinand as no longer their king.

Question 4

Sicily: How and when does Ferdinand Retaliate?

Answer 4

3 day bombardment in March 1849.

Question 5

Naples: What is the uprising in Naples?

Answer 5

January 17th revolution launched - burning tax records and killed a few notorious Bourbon Leaders.

Question 6

Naples: When did the King yield?

Answer 6

January 27th

Question 7

Naples: What did Ferdinand do after his 27th January yielding to the revolts?

Answer 7

Appointed an elected Liberal Governor & withdrew troops from Palermo.

Question 8

Naples: After Ferdinand yields in Naples, what does he do to prevent further revolution

Answer 8

Minimal appeasement - he just frees the press and ignores all calls for land reform.

Question 9

Naples: What was the ultimate result of the Naples uprisings?

Answer 9

Local, Not national, Illusion of progress and democracy, King still remains ultimately in power and peasants have been falsely appeased.

Question 10

Lombardy /Piedmont: What happened at the start of the “Five Glorious Days?”

Answer 10

10,000 people presented a bill for liberal reforms to the Austrian governor in Milan

Question 11

Lombardy /Piedmont: What is the outcome of the “Five Glorious Days?”

Answer 11

Radetzky withdraws to the Quadrilateral

And the revolutionaries and moderates ask for Piedmontese support.

Question 12

Lombardy /Piedmont: How does Charles Albert react to the “Five Glorious Days?”

Answer 12

Fearing French intervention is he hesitates, CA sends troops to Lombardy, declaring war on Austria.

Question 13

Lombardy /Piedmont: Who joins CA’s Piedmontese army?

Answer 13

Naples soldiers led by Pepe, Papal Soldiers led by the rebel Durando and they go on to win the battle of Goito.

Question 14

Lombardy /Piedmont: What causes mistrust and doubting in CA’s army?

Answer 14

30,000 French troops have amassed on Piedmonts Western border. and his army is full of divided aims, and loyalty to different states.

Question 15

Lombardy /Piedmont: What two battles are Piedmont Crushed in?

Answer 15

Novara March

Custozza July

Question 16

Lombardy /Piedmont: What armistice is signed after the Piedmontese are expelled from Lombardy?

Answer 16

11th August - Armistice of Solasco

Question 17

Lombardy /Piedmont: How much do the Piedmontese have to repay after the war?

Answer 17

65 million French Francs.

Question 18

Venetia: Who resigns leaving an opportunity to revolt?

Answer 18

Metternich

Question 19

Venetia: Who takes over rule of Venetia and what does he do?

Answer 19

Daniel Manin. Creates the Venetian Republic.

Question 20

Venetia: Why is the republic forced to surrender?

Answer 20

Hunger and an outbreak of cholera. Venice becomes Isolated as the rest of Venetia is back under Austrian control.

Question 21

Central Duchies: What is he Duke of Tuscany forced to do in 1848?

Answer 21

Grand Duke Leopold II is forced to Appoint a more democratic government led by Montanelli. and he grants an equally conservative constitution as the one in Venetia

Question 22

Central Duchies: When does Leopold return?

Answer 22

After the defeat of Piedmont at Novara, Tuscan moderates regain the advantage and Leopold returns.