Reclaiming Rome Flashcards
What 3 legislations had made the Pope an enemy to unification?
1870 Dogma of Papal infallibility, 1864 Syllabus of Errors and his 1848 Papal allocution.
What were the agreed terms of the 1864 September Convention for France?
if the Pope could raise an army of 10,000 troops, the French troops could leave Rome within 2 years.
Why was Napoleon against protecting Rome anymore?
Costly to waste troops there and didn’t want to continue protecting the Pope’s oppressive regime.
How long did the French troops remain in Rome after Garibaldi broke the terms of the September Convention?
Until 1870
Franco-Prussian War: What alliance was proposed where Italy asked for Rome as the prize?
May 1870 - Napoleon sought an alliance with Italy and Austria against Prussia. Italy said yes if Rome was the prize, which France couldn’t agree too, and Austria couldn’t risk another war with Italy so couldn’t agree either.
Franco-Prussian War: What was the second opportunity presented to Piedmont to claim Rome?
French garrison was withdrawn from Rome following French defeat at Sedan.
Franco-Prussian War: Who did PM Lanza make an agreement with before invading Rome?
Spain, Austria and Catholic states in Germany.
Franco-Prussian War: How did VEII send a ‘face-saving’ clause to the Pope as a last effort at peaceful resolution?
10th September 1870 - Sent ‘Count Gustavo Ponza di San Martino’ to Pius IX offering peaceful entry of Italian troops into Rome under the guise of protecting the Pope.
Siege of Rome: Where did VEII’s troops first enter?
September 20th - Via Pia which was subsequently renamed Via XX septambre
Siege of Rome: How many officers and troops died in the seige?
49 Italian soldiers and 4 Italian officers
19 Papal soldiers
Officiating Italy: When was the date of the plebiscite concerning Rome and Latium?
October 2nd - votes confirmed on October 9th
Officiating Italy: What was the result of the Rome and Latium Plebiscite?
around 134,000 to 1500
Officiating Italy: What decree was passed in an attempt to appease the Pope?
Law of Guarantees
Officiating Italy: What did the Law of Guarantees grant the Pope?
Recognised the powers of the Pope, gave him a grant of £129,000 per month.
Officiating Italy: What did the Pope say in response to the annexation of his states?
He declared himself a “prisoner in the Vatican”
