Textiles part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the porperties and characteristics of conductive fabrics

A

Conductive fabrics are fabrics that have either conductive fibres woven into them or conductive powers impregnated into them
These fabrics allow a small current to pass safely through them

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2
Q

Describe a situation where conductive materials are used

A

Conductive material have been built in to competitors’ jackets for fencing contests to help with scoring systems

During a game, opponents score by hitting a scoring area on the front of the suit with their foil (sword)
When the metal of the foil makes contact with this panel ‘a strike’ is recorded
This is possible due to the use of conductive fibres on the panel of the suit

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3
Q

Explain how Kevlar fibres are processed and arranged to give this material its unique
properties

A

Chemical treatment to make fibres more flexible, e.g. easier to move wearing them as clothing

Woven for strength as a net to create interlocking structure
e.g. to resist bullets in body armour = 2

Woven for strength as a net/mat = 2

Woven to create a net like structure resistant to penetration,
e.g. knife attack = 2

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4
Q

Describe the uses and application of conductive fabrics

A

Conductive thread is useful for use in circuits that power LEDs

Conductive material have been built in to competitors’ jackets for fencing contests to help with scoring systems

Conductive materials are useful in touch-screen gloves which allow a small amount of charge to flow through the glove to connect to the screen

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5
Q

State the properties and characteristics of fire resistant fabrics

A

These fabrics are more resistant to fire than others, where produced through chemical treatment of manufactured fireproof fibres

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6
Q

Uses and application of fire-resistant fabrics

A

Used in fire blankets, fire fighter’s safety clothing, gloves, aprons, racing car driving protections
children’s nightwear and cotton/viscose furnishings

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7
Q

Properties and characteristics of Kevlar

A

Kevlar is an incredibly strong material - formed by combining tenephthaloyl and para-phenylenediamine

When combined with layers of resin, this results in a very light material that has high tensile strength

Does not melt and can withstand low temperatures
Can also resist attacks from many different chemicals
Hardwearing

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8
Q

Uses and applications of kevlar

A

Used in the production of personal armour such as bullet proof vests, helmets, face masks, motorcycle safety clothing and so on.

Used in sports equipment, such as inner linings for bicycle tyres and table tennis bats due to its high strength-to-weight ratio.

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9
Q

Properties and characteristics of microfibres

A

A microfibre is a very thin synthetic fibre

Breathable
Durable
Crease resistant
Easy to care fore
Can be cooled to provide a very warm, soft or absorbent material

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10
Q

Uses and applications of microfibres

A

Very fine polyamide and polyester microfibres are used for sportswear and lingerie garments

Tencel microfibre is used for shirts

Microfibres can be used in winter clothes, or products such as cleaning clothes

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11
Q

Properties and characteristics of micro-encapsulation

A

Micro-encapsulation involves very thin fibres holding chemicals in tiny capsules

The capsules gradually break releasing chemicals like perfumes, insecticides and antiseptics

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12
Q

Uses and applications of micro-encapsulation

A

Can be used in medical textiles, fabrics, cloths, towel, high tech clothing which can be anti-bacterial and

Can be used in the manufacturing of outdoor clothing that repels mosquitos and other insects

Micro-encapsulation has been used to add scent to fabrics

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13
Q

Define micro-encapsulation

A

Micro-encapsulation is when very thin fibres hold chemicals in tiny capsules which break open releasing the chemicals

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14
Q

Types of natural fibres

A

Cotton
Silk
Wool

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15
Q

Properties and characteristics of cotton

A

Strong, goof at absorbing moisture (this means they can take a long time to dry)
Can be washed and ironed at high temperatures
Creases badly and shrinks unless a special finish is applied
Easy to set alight so can be dangerous

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16
Q

Uses of cotton

A

T-shirts
Socks
Underwear

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17
Q

Properties of wool

A

Soft and warm
Comfortable to wear, will not crease easily
Water-repellent, but also very good at absorbing moisture
Takes a long time to dry
Does not set alight easily and when it does, it puts its self out

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18
Q

Uses of wool

A

Jumpers
Coats
Socks
Tennis balls
Blanket

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19
Q

Properties of silk

A

Fibres have a triangular cross section. This makes it soft and smooth and gives it a lustre.
Lightweight and absorbent
Has natural elasticity so can crease badly

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20
Q

Uses and applications of silk

A

Evening dresses
Ties
Lingerie
Bedding
Wall hangings
Parachutes

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21
Q

Properties/characteristics of wool

A

Soft and warm
Water repellent but also very good at absorbing moisture
Comfortable to wear, will not crease easilt

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22
Q

Uses/applications of wool

A

Jumpers
Coats
Socks
Tennis balls
Carpet

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23
Q

Types of synthetic fibres

A

Polyester
Polyamide (Nylon)
Elastane (Lycra)

24
Q

Properties/Characteristics of Polyester

A

Very strong and resistant to abrasion
Crease resistant
Finishes can be added easily

25
Q

Uses and applications of Polyester

A

Clothing
Bedsheets
Sheets
Pillows

26
Q

Properties of Polyamide (Nylon)

A

Fine and lightweight but extremely strong and abrasion resistant
It is a thermoplastic - therefore it can be heat set

27
Q

Uses of Polyamide

A

Underwear
Shoe laces
Tights
Tents

28
Q

Properties of elastane

A

Easily washable
Absorbent. Very stretchy
Resistant to perspiration and quick drying

29
Q

Examples of blended and mixed fibres

A

Cotton/polyester

30
Q

Properties of cotton/polyester blend

A

Crease resistant
Highly absorbent (good and absorbing moisture)

31
Q

Uses of cotton/polyester blend

A

Shirts
Bed sheets
Car covers and furniture

32
Q

Types of woven fibres

A

Plain weave

33
Q

Properties of plain weave

A

It produces firm, strong, hardwearing fabrics which look the same on both sides
Their smoot plain surface makes a good background for printing

34
Q

Uses of plain weave

A

Used for fashion and furnishing fabrics
Plain weave fabrics include: calico, lawn, poplin and chiffon

35
Q

Types of non-woven fibres

A

Bonded fibres
Felted fibres

36
Q

Types of non-woven fibres

A

Bonded fibres
Felted fibres

37
Q

Uses of bonded fibres

A

Cheap to manufacture and use
Not as strong as woven or knitted fabrics and does not drape as well

38
Q

Uses of bonded fibres

A

Interfacings and interlinings
Disposable items (e.g. cleaning cloths and hospital item dressings)

39
Q

Properties of felted fibres

A

Does not fray
Warm and soft
Expensive
Not very strong
Does not drape well
No elasticity

40
Q

Uses of felted fibres

A

Hats
Slippers
Toys
Insulation matierals

41
Q

Types of knitted textiles

A

Weft knit fabrics
Warp knit fabrics

42
Q

Properties of weft knit textiles

A

Very stretchy but can be pulled out of shape

Have a soft drape and do not crease easily

Trap air easily - and are therefore warm in still air, but cool in windy weather as air can still get through the gaps in the fabric

Will ladder easily if snagged

43
Q

Uses of weft knitted textiles

A

Socks - t-shirts, jumpers, scarves, hats, leggings

44
Q

what are knitted fabrics

A

Fabrics which are made from yarns which are looped together to make looser, more flexible fabrics

45
Q

Examples of weft knit fabrics

A

Jersey
Rib knits
Polyester fleece

46
Q

Properties of warp knit fabrics

A

Less stretchy than weft kniys, firm
Do not ladder and cannot be unravelled ‘row by row’

47
Q

Common uses of warp knit fabrics

A

Swimwear
Underwear
Net curtains
Industrial textiles
Geotextiles

48
Q

Examples of warp knit fabrics

A

Tricot
Knitted lace

49
Q

What is the warp (woven fabrics)

A

The yarns that run the length of the fabric

50
Q

What is the weft (woven fabric)

A

The yarns that run across the width of the fabric

51
Q

What is the selvedge (woven fabric)

A

A selvedge is formed at the edge where the weft yarns turn round a finished edge

52
Q

What is fraying (woven fabric)

A

Fraying is when the weft yarn can pull out of the unfinished edge of the fabric - the raw edge

53
Q

draw a plain weave

A

http://fabricforcosplayers.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/plainweave_02a.gif

54
Q

What is meant by the bias of the material

A

When the interlacing of the warp and eft yarns make the fabric strong and stable as the yarns do not stretch much, but the fabric will stretch diagonally

55
Q

What is a plain weave

A

A plain weave is made by passing the weft yarn alternately over and under the warp
On each new row the weft goes under the warp it wend over on the previous row

56
Q

Describe the weft and warp direction

A

In a plain weave, the weft direction (is left to right) and the warp direction (is up to down)