Textiles part 2 Flashcards
What are the porperties and characteristics of conductive fabrics
Conductive fabrics are fabrics that have either conductive fibres woven into them or conductive powers impregnated into them
These fabrics allow a small current to pass safely through them
Describe a situation where conductive materials are used
Conductive material have been built in to competitors’ jackets for fencing contests to help with scoring systems
During a game, opponents score by hitting a scoring area on the front of the suit with their foil (sword)
When the metal of the foil makes contact with this panel ‘a strike’ is recorded
This is possible due to the use of conductive fibres on the panel of the suit
Explain how Kevlar fibres are processed and arranged to give this material its unique
properties
Chemical treatment to make fibres more flexible, e.g. easier to move wearing them as clothing
Woven for strength as a net to create interlocking structure
e.g. to resist bullets in body armour = 2
Woven for strength as a net/mat = 2
Woven to create a net like structure resistant to penetration,
e.g. knife attack = 2
Describe the uses and application of conductive fabrics
Conductive thread is useful for use in circuits that power LEDs
Conductive material have been built in to competitors’ jackets for fencing contests to help with scoring systems
Conductive materials are useful in touch-screen gloves which allow a small amount of charge to flow through the glove to connect to the screen
State the properties and characteristics of fire resistant fabrics
These fabrics are more resistant to fire than others, where produced through chemical treatment of manufactured fireproof fibres
Uses and application of fire-resistant fabrics
Used in fire blankets, fire fighter’s safety clothing, gloves, aprons, racing car driving protections
children’s nightwear and cotton/viscose furnishings
Properties and characteristics of Kevlar
Kevlar is an incredibly strong material - formed by combining tenephthaloyl and para-phenylenediamine
When combined with layers of resin, this results in a very light material that has high tensile strength
Does not melt and can withstand low temperatures
Can also resist attacks from many different chemicals
Hardwearing
Uses and applications of kevlar
Used in the production of personal armour such as bullet proof vests, helmets, face masks, motorcycle safety clothing and so on.
Used in sports equipment, such as inner linings for bicycle tyres and table tennis bats due to its high strength-to-weight ratio.
Properties and characteristics of microfibres
A microfibre is a very thin synthetic fibre
Breathable
Durable
Crease resistant
Easy to care fore
Can be cooled to provide a very warm, soft or absorbent material
Uses and applications of microfibres
Very fine polyamide and polyester microfibres are used for sportswear and lingerie garments
Tencel microfibre is used for shirts
Microfibres can be used in winter clothes, or products such as cleaning clothes
Properties and characteristics of micro-encapsulation
Micro-encapsulation involves very thin fibres holding chemicals in tiny capsules
The capsules gradually break releasing chemicals like perfumes, insecticides and antiseptics
Uses and applications of micro-encapsulation
Can be used in medical textiles, fabrics, cloths, towel, high tech clothing which can be anti-bacterial and
Can be used in the manufacturing of outdoor clothing that repels mosquitos and other insects
Micro-encapsulation has been used to add scent to fabrics
Define micro-encapsulation
Micro-encapsulation is when very thin fibres hold chemicals in tiny capsules which break open releasing the chemicals
Types of natural fibres
Cotton
Silk
Wool
Properties and characteristics of cotton
Strong, goof at absorbing moisture (this means they can take a long time to dry)
Can be washed and ironed at high temperatures
Creases badly and shrinks unless a special finish is applied
Easy to set alight so can be dangerous
Uses of cotton
T-shirts
Socks
Underwear
Properties of wool
Soft and warm
Comfortable to wear, will not crease easily
Water-repellent, but also very good at absorbing moisture
Takes a long time to dry
Does not set alight easily and when it does, it puts its self out
Uses of wool
Jumpers
Coats
Socks
Tennis balls
Blanket
Properties of silk
Fibres have a triangular cross section. This makes it soft and smooth and gives it a lustre.
Lightweight and absorbent
Has natural elasticity so can crease badly
Uses and applications of silk
Evening dresses
Ties
Lingerie
Bedding
Wall hangings
Parachutes
Properties/characteristics of wool
Soft and warm
Water repellent but also very good at absorbing moisture
Comfortable to wear, will not crease easilt
Uses/applications of wool
Jumpers
Coats
Socks
Tennis balls
Carpet
Types of synthetic fibres
Polyester
Polyamide (Nylon)
Elastane (Lycra)
Properties/Characteristics of Polyester
Very strong and resistant to abrasion
Crease resistant
Finishes can be added easily
Uses and applications of Polyester
Clothing
Bedsheets
Sheets
Pillows
Properties of Polyamide (Nylon)
Fine and lightweight but extremely strong and abrasion resistant
It is a thermoplastic - therefore it can be heat set
Uses of Polyamide
Underwear
Shoe laces
Tights
Tents
Properties of elastane
Easily washable
Absorbent. Very stretchy
Resistant to perspiration and quick drying
Examples of blended and mixed fibres
Cotton/polyester
Properties of cotton/polyester blend
Crease resistant
Highly absorbent (good and absorbing moisture)
Uses of cotton/polyester blend
Shirts
Bed sheets
Car covers and furniture
Types of woven fibres
Plain weave
Properties of plain weave
It produces firm, strong, hardwearing fabrics which look the same on both sides
Their smoot plain surface makes a good background for printing
Uses of plain weave
Used for fashion and furnishing fabrics
Plain weave fabrics include: calico, lawn, poplin and chiffon
Types of non-woven fibres
Bonded fibres
Felted fibres
Types of non-woven fibres
Bonded fibres
Felted fibres
Uses of bonded fibres
Cheap to manufacture and use
Not as strong as woven or knitted fabrics and does not drape as well
Uses of bonded fibres
Interfacings and interlinings
Disposable items (e.g. cleaning cloths and hospital item dressings)
Properties of felted fibres
Does not fray
Warm and soft
Expensive
Not very strong
Does not drape well
No elasticity
Uses of felted fibres
Hats
Slippers
Toys
Insulation matierals
Types of knitted textiles
Weft knit fabrics
Warp knit fabrics
Properties of weft knit textiles
Very stretchy but can be pulled out of shape
Have a soft drape and do not crease easily
Trap air easily - and are therefore warm in still air, but cool in windy weather as air can still get through the gaps in the fabric
Will ladder easily if snagged
Uses of weft knitted textiles
Socks - t-shirts, jumpers, scarves, hats, leggings
what are knitted fabrics
Fabrics which are made from yarns which are looped together to make looser, more flexible fabrics
Examples of weft knit fabrics
Jersey
Rib knits
Polyester fleece
Properties of warp knit fabrics
Less stretchy than weft kniys, firm
Do not ladder and cannot be unravelled ‘row by row’
Common uses of warp knit fabrics
Swimwear
Underwear
Net curtains
Industrial textiles
Geotextiles
Examples of warp knit fabrics
Tricot
Knitted lace
What is the warp (woven fabrics)
The yarns that run the length of the fabric
What is the weft (woven fabric)
The yarns that run across the width of the fabric
What is the selvedge (woven fabric)
A selvedge is formed at the edge where the weft yarns turn round a finished edge
What is fraying (woven fabric)
Fraying is when the weft yarn can pull out of the unfinished edge of the fabric - the raw edge
draw a plain weave
http://fabricforcosplayers.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/plainweave_02a.gif
What is meant by the bias of the material
When the interlacing of the warp and eft yarns make the fabric strong and stable as the yarns do not stretch much, but the fabric will stretch diagonally
What is a plain weave
A plain weave is made by passing the weft yarn alternately over and under the warp
On each new row the weft goes under the warp it wend over on the previous row
Describe the weft and warp direction
In a plain weave, the weft direction (is left to right) and the warp direction (is up to down)
