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GCSE Design and Technology > Metals and alloys > Flashcards

Metals and alloys Flashcards

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1
Q

Two groups of metals

A

Ferrous
Non-ferrous

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2
Q

Define ferrous metal

A

Metals that contain iron

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3
Q

Define non-ferrous metal

A

Metals that do not contain iron

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4
Q

What is the primary source of all metals

A

Ore

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5
Q

Define alloy

A

A material produced by combining two or more elements together to produce a new materials with refined properties

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6
Q

Name 4 pure metals

A

Copper
Gold
SIlver
Iron

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7
Q

Name 3 ways of stopping mild steel rusting

A

Paint it
Coat it in zinc (Galvanizing)
Plate it in silver

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8
Q

What tyw metallic elements make steel

A

Iron
Carbon

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9
Q

State 3 properties of copper

A

Ductile
Relatively malleable
Good conductor of heat and electricity

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10
Q

What metal is an alloy of copper and tin

A

Bronze

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11
Q

What metal is an alloy of copper and zinc

A

Brass

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12
Q

What is Corten steel

A

A metal which forms a rust.
It maintains a stable rust to stay corrosion resistant

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13
Q

Name 3 ways of joining metal using heat

A

Welding
Soldering
Brasing

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14
Q

What properties do most ferrous metals have

A

Most ferrous metals are magnetic

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15
Q

What does the carbon inside the ferrous metal provide

A

The carbon content means that most ferrous metals are prone to corrosion in the form of rust when exposed to moisture of oxygen

Properties such as hardness and malleability are directly related to their carbon content
The more carbon found in the metal, the harder and less malleable the metal becomes

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16
Q

Types of ferrous metals

A

Cast iron
Low carbon steel (mild steel)
High carbon steel (tool steel)

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17
Q

State the composition of cast iron

A

Iron and 3.5% carbon

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18
Q

State the properties of cast iron

A

Hard surface but has a brittle soft core
Strong compressive strength
Cheap

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19
Q

Common uses of cast iron

A

Vices
Car break discs
Cylinder blocks
Manhole covers

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20
Q

Composition of mild steel

A

Iron and 0.15 -0.35% carbon

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21
Q

Properties of mild steel

A

Good tensile strength
Tough
Malleable
Poor resistance to corrosion

22
Q

Common uses

A

Car bodies
Nuts
Bolts
Screws
RSJ’s and girders

23
Q

Composition of tool steel

A

Iron and 0.70 - 1.4% carbon

24
Q

Properties of tool steel

A

Hard but also brittle
Less tough, malleable or ductile than medium carbon steel

25
Q

Common uses of tool steel

A

Screwdrivers
Chisels
Taps
Dies

26
Q

Most non-ferrous metals are____
What does this mean

A

Most non ferrous metals are non-magnetic which means that they can be use in electronic devices and wiring

27
Q

Properties of non-ferrous metals

A

The absence of iron makes non-ferrous metals desirable for their malleable properties and for their resistance to corrosion

28
Q

Examples of non-ferrous metals

A

Aluminium
Copper
Zinc
Tin

29
Q

Composition of aluminium

A

Pure metal (often alloyed with copper and manganese depending on application)

30
Q

Properties of aluminium

A

Lightweight, soft, ductile, malleable
Good conductor of heat and electricity
Corrosion resistant

31
Q

Uses of aluminium

A

Aircraft bodies
High-end car chassis
Cans
Cooking pans

32
Q

Composition of copper

A

Pure metal

33
Q

Properties of copper

A

Extremely ductile and malleable
An excellend conductor of heat and electricity
Easily soldered and corrosion resistant

34
Q

Common uses of copper

A

Plumbing fittings
Hot water tanks
Electric wire

35
Q

Composition of zinc

A

pure metal

36
Q

Properties of zinc

A

Weak in its pure state
High level of corrosion resitance
Low melting point
Easily worked

37
Q

Uses of zinc

A

As a glavinised coating in crash barriers, corrugated roofing, intricate cast productss

38
Q

Composition of tin

A

Pure metal

39
Q

Properties of tin

A

Soft ductile malleable
Low melting point
Excellent corrosion resistance

40
Q

Uses of tin

A

Coatings on food and drinks cans, solders

41
Q

State examples of alloys

A

Brass
Stainless steel - ferrous alloy
Duralumin

42
Q

Composition of brass

A

Alloy of copper (65%) and zinc (35%(

43
Q

Properties of brass

A

Strong ductile
Casts well
Corrosion resistant
Conductor of heat and electricity

44
Q

Uses of brass

A

Castings
Forgings
Taps
Wood screws

45
Q

Composition of stainless steel

A

Alloy of steel including chromium (18%) and nickel (8%)

46
Q

Properties of stainless steel

A

Hard and tough
Excellent resistance to corrosion

47
Q

Uses of stainless steel

A

Sinks
Cutlery
Surgical equipment

48
Q

Composition of duralumin

A

Alloy of aluminium (90%)
Copper (4%)
Magnesium (1%)
Manganese (0.5-1%)

49
Q

Properties of duralumin

A

Soft strong malleable
Excellent corrosion resistance
Lighweight

50
Q

Uses of duralumin

A

Aircraft structure and fixings
Suspension applications
Fuel tanks

GCSE Design and Technology (16 decks)

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