textbook ch 8,9,10,11

Question 1

what is reality testing?

Answer 1

source of intellectual processes + problem solving. capacity for realistic thought allows ego to form plans of action to satisfy needs + test plans mentally to see whether they will work

Question 2

what is introjection?

Answer 2

taking in/incorporating values of your parents

Question 3

two subsections of superego?

Answer 3

ego ideal: rules for good behaviour/standard of excellence

+ conscience: comprises rules about what behaviours the parents disapprove of + punish

Question 4

what is ego strength?

Answer 4

ego’s ability to be effective despite the conflicts of the three aspects of functioning.

Question 5

three types of anxiety?

Answer 5

reality: from danger in world
neurotic: fear that id impulses will get out of control
moral: fear that you violated moral code

Question 6

two purposes of projection?

Answer 6

1. helps get desire into open, releasing some repression

2. ego + superego dont realize it as belonging to you

Question 7

2 substages or oral phase?

Answer 7

oral incorporative phase: helpless + dependent

oral sadistic phase: sexual pleasure from biting + chewing.

Question 8

two parental approaches to toilet training

Answer 8

• urging child + praising success

- emphasis on punishment

Question 9

two anal traits that may result from toilet training?

Answer 9

anal explusive: rebellion - eliminate when parent DOESNT want it

anal retentive: stingy, obstinant, orderly

Question 10

what is castration anxiety

Answer 10

boys greatest fear is that dad will castrate him to eliminate the source of lust towards his mom.

Question 11

what is symbiosis?

Answer 11

infant fused with the mother

- newborns in state of fusion. personality breaks this down

Question 12

robert white’s two motivational concepts re:ego

Answer 12

1. effectance motivation: motive to have effect or impact on surroundings
2. competence motivation: effectance motivation. motive to be effective in dealing with enviro.

Question 13

block+ block: ego 2 concepts

Answer 13

ego control: extent to which person inhibits impulses

ego resiliency: capacity to modify your usual level of ego control

Question 14

kohut - self psychology.

what is essential narcissism

Answer 14

pattern of self-centered needs that must be satisfied through others

Question 15

kohut - self psych: what is self-object

Answer 15

someone who helps satisfy your needs

Question 16

kohut- self psych:: mirroring

Answer 16

parents mirror to support child. gratifies child’s narcissistic needs = grandiose feeling.

Question 17

kohut- self psych. failures of mirroring?

Answer 17

child wont develop adequate sense of self. deeper narcissistic needs than others

Question 18

crisis in autonomy vs shame/doubt stage?

Answer 18

• child’s efforts to gain control over their actions

Question 19

managing conflict in autonomy vs shame/doubt stage = ?

Answer 19

ego quality of will

Question 20

managing conflict in initiative vs guilt =?

Answer 20

ego quality of purpose

Question 21

managing conflict of industry vs inferiority =?

Answer 21

managing, competence.

danger = feelings of inferiority

Question 22

managing conflict of intimacy vs isolation =?

Answer 22

ego quality of love.

Question 23

four aspects of generativity?

Answer 23

biological
parental
technical
cultural

Question 24

manage crisis of generativity vs stagnation =?

Answer 24

ego quality of care

Question 25

manage crisis of ego integrity vs despair =?

Answer 25

ego quality of wisdom.

Question 26

3 life stories

Answer 26

1. commitment
2. redemption
3. contamination (good turns bad)

Question 27

four scales of object relations measure

Answer 27

alienation: lack of trust
insecure attachment: sensitive to rejection.
- egocentricity: assess narcissism, self-protective, exploitative.
-social incompetence: shy, uncertain

Question 28

assessing mom + dad at three levels?

Answer 28

1. low maturity: how parents satisfy your needs
2. higher maturity: parents’ values, thoughts, feelings apart from your needs
3. very high maturity: take into account internal contradictions + changes over time

Question 29

learning: what is generalization

Answer 29

responding in similar way to similar but not identical stimuli

Question 30

what is law of effect

Answer 30

behaviour followed by [good] = done more.

basis of operant conditioning

Question 31

what is discriminative stimulus

Answer 31

stimulus that turns the behaviour on or off

Question 32

2 schedules of reinforcement

Answer 32

• continuous: behaviour -> reinforcer every time [ acquired faster ,forgotten easier]
• partial: behaviour -> reinforcer sometimes. [ takes longer to learn resistant to extinction]

Question 33

what is contingency management?

Answer 33

reinforce desired alternative actions + reduce further reinforcement of undesired action.

Question 34

mastery model of fear?

Answer 34

completely without fear regarding what the person in therapy is afraid of.

Question 35

coping model of fear?

Answer 35

initially displays fear but overcomes it

Question 36

participant modeling of fear?

Answer 36

performs behaviour in front of other person, who then repeats it.

Question 37

two aspects of reward?

Answer 37

1. control: tells u your actions are not autonomous

2. informational aspect: inform u about yourself.

Question 38

introjected regulation?

Answer 38

person treats a behaviour as “should” or “ought”

- controlled

Question 39

identified regulation?

Answer 39

person has come to hold behaviour as personally meaningful and valuable.
- self-determined.

Question 40

self-concordant:

Answer 40

consistent with your core values

- more likely to pursue these kinds of goals

Question 41

what is reactance?

Answer 41

expect to have particular freedom and u see it as being threatened

Question 42

what is self-verification?

Answer 42

once ppl have a picture of what they’re like, they want to have that self-concept confirmed by other ppl’s reaction to them.

Question 43

what is self-protection?

Answer 43

trying not to be aware of incongruity between desired self + actual self.

Question 44

two conditions needed to make someone concerned about self-esteem

Answer 44

1. event must be attributable to person

2. event must be good or bad = potential to impact self-esteem.

Question 45

what is self-handicapping

Answer 45

acting to create the conditions that tend to produce failure.

failing = threat to self-esteem. cant fail if success is prevented by circumstances beyond control.
need to be unaware that you’re using it

Question 46

stereotype threat

Answer 46

threatened by being viewed through stereotype, rather than as individuals.
= effects performance = poor performance, stereotype is confirmed.

Question 47

german word dasein

Answer 47

being in the world.

- totality of expereince as autonomous, separate, evolving entity.