Textbook 5.3 and 5.4

Question 1

When children play alone but are aware of and interested in what another child is doing:

Answer 1

Parallel Play

Question 2

Play that begins at about 15 to 18 months, involving talking and smiling at each other:

Answer 2

Simple Social Play

Question 3

Play organized around a theme, with children taking on different roles, beginning at about 2 years old:

Answer 3

Cooperative Play

Question 4

Actions and remarks that support others and sustain interaction:

Answer 4

Enabling Actions

Question 5

Interactions where one partner tries to dominate by threatening or contradicting the other:

Answer 5

Constricting Actions

Question 6

Parents scaffold their children’s play to make it more sophisticated:

Answer 6

Playmate

Question 7

Parents arrange peer visits, enroll children in activities, and take them to child-friendly settings:

Answer 7

Social Director

Question 8

Parents teach children how to initiate interactions, make joint decisions, and resolve conflicts:

Answer 8

Coach

Question 9

Parents help children resolve conflicts over what to play:

Answer 9

Mediator

Question 10

Any behavior that benefits another person:

Answer 10

Prosocial Behavior

Question 11

Prosocial behavior where the individual does not directly benefit:

Answer 11

Altruism

Question 12

Experiencing another person’s feelings:

Answer 12

Empathy

Question 13

Children act altruistically when (4):

Answer 13

1. They feel responsible for the person in need
2. They feel they have the skills to help
3. They are happy or feeling successful
4. It costs them little

Question 14

When children see adults helping and caring for others, they often imitate such prosocial behavior:

Answer 14

Modeling

Question 15

Children behave prosocially when their parents are warm and supportive, set guidelines, and provide feedback:

Answer 15

Disciplinary Practices

Question 16

Children are more likely to act prosocially when they’re routinely given the ___________ to help and cooperate with others

Answer 16

Opportunity

Question 17

A set of cultural guidelines on how to behave, especially with others:

Answer 17

Social Role

Question 18

Beliefs and images about males and females that may not be true:

Answer 18

Gender Stereotypes

Question 19

Aggression meant to harm others by damaging social relationships:

Answer 19

Relational Aggression

Question 20

A sense of oneself as male or female:

Answer 20

Gender Identity

Question 21

The theory that children are interested in learning about an activity only after deciding whether it is masculine or feminine:

Answer 21

Gender-Schema Theory