Text Ch.13

Question 1

Quantitiative Process Vs Qualitative

Answer 1

Quantitiative:
1.Define Measure:Questions with response
options
-Convert text into numbers (ex: 1=career interest)
2.Collect Data:Individual scores on each
variable (preset codes)
3.Conduct Numerical Analysis: Statistics

Qualitative: 
1.Collect Data:Open ended questions and
responses
2.Code Themes:Identify portions of data
with primary idea
3.Conduct Thematic Analysis: Identify patterns within data

Question 2

variables operationalized before research=Quantitiative/Qualitative?

Answer 2

Quantitative

Question 3

themes appear during/after research=Quantitiative/Qualitative?

Answer 3

Qual

Question 4

Define theme in terms of Qualitative research

Answer 4

“A theme captures something important about the
data in relation to the research question, and
represents some level of patterned response or
meaning with the data set” -Braun, Virginia and
Victoria Clarke (2005, 82).
– Not about counting the number of times
something appears
– Not about summarizing responses to each
interview question
– Requires flexibility in analysis (no rigid rules)

Question 5

Coding

Answer 5

Coding:
.selective coding is a second layer in order to better focus in on what this research is about
-cuts down themes to what is important

Question 6

2 types of themes

Answer 6

Semantic themes
(i.e., what people
say)
– Latent themes
(i.e., underlying
ideas and
assumptions …
more interpretive)

Question 7

How to determine themes? 2 ways

Answer 7

Thematic analysis is one of the most common forms of analysis in qualitative research. It emphasizes pinpointing, examining, and recording patterns (or “themes”) within data.

1. Inductive thematic analysis (i.e., with no “lens”)
2. Theoretical thematic analysis (i.e., with a “lens”)

Question 8

ATLAS.ti and Nvivo examplesof

Answer 8

Coding: manual;
software (e.g., ATLAS.ti,
Nvivo)

Question 9

Optical character

recognition (OCR) example of

Answer 9

• Transcription: manual;
Optical character
recognition (OCR)
scanners; voice
recognition software

Question 10

Qualitative Data Coding Process: 3 Parts

Answer 10

Open coding (‘themeing’):
Read in search of general patterns Record in form of memo

Axial coding (‘tagging’):
Mine for specific instances of each theme Record tags by highlighting specific passages

Selective coding (‘intra-coder testing’):
Review texts for accuracy in tagging Record any discrepant evidence

Question 11

Step 1: Open Coding(theming)

Answer 11

• Initial review of raw data
• Search for major themes
• Also known as
memoing or
themeing
• After open coding stage: pause for reflection. 
What do these themes mean, and how do they relate
to each other?
– Revisit literature

Question 12

Stage 2: Axial Coding

Answer 12

• tagging: applying
labels to chunks of
data
• Label according to key
themes

Question 13

Codes/Label

Answer 13

• Generate initial codes
– A code is a feature of the data, something
interesting, a single element of the raw data
– Codes can be based on your original research
questions/objectives or can be something you did
not initially expect
– A single segment of data can be uncoded,
assigned a single code, or assigned more than one
code

Question 14

Stage 3: Selective Coding

Answer 14

• Re-examine raw data; ensure data really fit
themes identified
• Add/delete tags as necessary
Throughout this three stage process, the
researcher remains open to revising or refining any of these categories, collapsing some under broader
headings, or adding or deleting any as necessary.

Question 15

Thematic analysiis is NOT about _______ of themes

Answer 15

frequency

Question 16

CAQDAS

Answer 16

computer assisted qualitative data analysis software

Question 17

tagging

Answer 17

the process of labelling specific passages as belonging under a given theme

Question 18

chunks/bits

Answer 18

passages of text that serve as indicators of a given theme