Tests Flashcards
- The cardiovascular system includes 2 circuits:
a) Pullman circuit and Cistern circuit
b) Pulmonary circuit and Systemic circuit
c) Cardio circuit and Vascular circuit
d) Arteries circuit and Veins circuit
B
In the Pulmonary Circuit blood travels:
From the Right Atrium to the Left Ventricle
From the Right Ventricle to the Left Atrium
From the Left Atrium to the Right Ventricle
From the Left Ventricle to the Right Atrium
B
In the Systemic Circuit blood travels:
From the Right Atrium to the Left Ventricle
From the Right Ventricle to the Left Atrium
From the Left Atrium to the Right Ventricle
From the Left Ventricle to the Right Atrium
D
3 types of blood vessels:
Arteries, Venules, Veins
Arteries, Capillaries, Veins
Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules
Aorta, Capillaries, Vena Cava
B
largest artery is:
Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery
Carotid Artery
B
thickness of capillary walls:
4 – 6 million molecules
1 cell
Half the size of a tennis court
About 6 inches
B
. Vessels supplying blood to the heart are the:
Arteries
Coronary arteries
Pulmonary arteries
Coronary capiliaries
B
The Adrenal Medulla secretes hormones that control the:
Diffusion in the alveoli
Heartbeat
Function of the liver
Creation of haemoglobin
B
The only form of chemical energy that can be used by living cells is:
Glycogen
Glucose
Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate
C
The chemical symbol for Glucose is:
C3H6O3
C6H12O6
C3PO
C27H48O20
B
How much creatine does the average adult store within their body?
120/80 mmHg
120g - 140g
300 million
4 – 6 litres
B
How much creatine is in 1kg of beef?
10 g
4.5 g
Enough to fill 19 jars
Trace elements
B
the breakdown of carbohydrate to produce energy without using oxygen is known as:
Aerobic Glycolysis
Anaerobic Glycolysis
The Creatine Phosphate System
The ATP System
B
A by-product of Anaerobic Glycolysis is:
Water and Carbon Dioxide
Lactic Acid
Adenosine Triphosphate
Creatine
B
During Aerobic Glycolysis
19 molecules of ATP are generated for every molecule of glucose
38 molecules of ATP are generated for every molecule of glucose
300 grammes of ATP are generated for every molecule of Lactic Acid
38 grammes of ATP are generated for every molecule of Lactic Acid
B
Factors affecting VO2 max include:
Lactic Acid levels, previous training, gender and age
Lactic Acid levels, muscularity and age
Haemoglobin levels, previous training, gender and age
Future training, gender and Creatine levels
C
Which is the likely balance of energy systems used in Gymnastics?
10% ATP-CP, 50% Anaerobic, 40% Aerobic
50% ATP-CP, 20% Anaerobic, 30% Aerobic
80% ATP-CP, 15% Anaerobic, 5% Aerobic
0% ATP-CP, 50% Anaerobic, 50% Aerobic
C
Which is the likely balance of energy systems used in Soccer?
10% ATP-CP, 50% Anaerobic, 40% Aerobic
50% ATP-CP, 20% Anaerobic, 30% Aerobic
80% ATP-CP, 15% Anaerobic, 5% Aerobic
0% ATP-CP, 50% Anaerobic, 50% Aerobic
B
What are the main 3 parts of the Respiratory System?
Exterior, Cardiac, Interior
External, Transportation, Internal
Atmospheric, Central, Muscular
Trachea, Alvioli, Pulmonary
B
What is the primary function of the Respiratory System?
Exchange of O2 between the lungs and the heart
Inspiration and Exhalation
Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the atmosphere and the blood
Transfer of oxygen to the tibial tuberosity
C
Which of these is NOT part of the structure of the human respiratory system?
Esophagus
Nasopharynx
Left primary Bronchus
Nasal Cavity
A
Which of these statements is NOT true?
The Larynx is a short cartilage tube bound together by ligaments
The Larynx connects the Pharynx to the Bronchi
The Larynx contains the voice box
At the top of the Larynx is the epiglottis
B
THE LUNGS:
Are 4 – 6 litres, and are located in the thoracic cavity
Have 3 lobes on the left, and 2 lobes on the right
Inflate during exhalation
Pump blood to the heart
A
WHERE IS TE DIAPHRAGM?
- Attached to the alveoli
- Between the clavicle and the cervical vertebrae
- Between the thoracic and abdominal cavities
- Attached to the trachea
C
THE HUMAN BODY CONTAINS?
Pullman carriages that transport waste matter
Enough capillaries to fill the Wimbledon Centre Court
Enough oxygen to fill a tennis court
About 300 million alveoli
D
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
- Diffusion is the movement of particulates through the epiglottis
- Diffusion is the movement of materials from a higher to a lower concentration.
- The differences between oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations are measured by partial pressures.
- The greater the difference in partial pressure the greater the rate of diffusion.
A
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
Following inspiration, partial pressure of oxygen in alveolus is higher than in alveolar blood capillaries
Oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhaemoglobin
Following inspiration, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood is higher than in the alveoli
Oxyhaemoglobin is carried to the muscles by the skeletal system
D
WHEN THE DIAPHRAGM RELAXES:
- Inhalation occurs
- it moves upwards reducing the chest capacity
- it moves downwards enlarging the chest capacity
- oxygen rushes into the pulmonary dead space
B
TIDAL VOLUME IS:
- The amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inhalation at rest
- The most air you can exhale after taking the deepest breath you can
- The amount of air left in the lungs following a maximal exhalation
- The total capacity of the lungs
A
RESIDUAL VOLUME IS:
- The amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inhalation at rest
- The most air you can exhale after taking the deepest breath you can
- The amount of air left in the lungs following a maximal exhalation
- The total capacity of the lungs
C
VITAL CAPACITY IS:
- The total capacity of the lungs
- The amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inhalation at rest
- The most air you can exhale after taking the deepest breath you can
- The amount of air left in the lungs following a maximal exhalation
C
MINUTE VENTILATION IS:
Residual Volume + Tidal Volume
Vital Capacity x Respiratory Rate
Tidal Volume x Respiratory Rate
The maximum amount of oxygen inhaled in one minute
C
Normal resting Respiratory Rate is:
12 breaths per minute
6 litres per minute
40 breaths per minute
220 minus your age
A
Which of these is NOT an effect of training?
Increased resting Respiratory Rate
Improved elasticity and recoil property of lung tissue.
Improved diffusion capacity across the alveolar-pulmonary capillary interface.
An increase in blood supply to and from the lungs.
A
OXYGEN DEFICIT OCCURS:
Due to warm-up and cool-down
When commencing steady state exercise
When concluding steady state exercise
During steady state exercise
B
OXYGEN DEBT OCCURS:
Due to warm-up and cool-down
When commencing steady state exercise
When concluding steady state exercise
During steady state exercise
C
ANAEROBIC EXERCISE:
- Is better than aerobic exercise
- Is when the respiratory system can supply enough oxygen to the muscles
- Is when the respiratory system can not supply enough oxygen to the muscles
- Is when the lungs produce lactic acid
C
Which is NOT a part of the Skeletal System?
Bones
Joints
Ligaments
Nerves
D
What are the divisions of the Skeleton?
Axial and Appendicular
Axial and Radial
Proximal and Distal
Vertebral and Bony Thorax
A
Which are the type of bone cell that tears down bone during the building and remodeling process?
osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
bone lining cells
C
Which of these is not a normal function of the skeleton?
mineral storage
protection of soft organs
production of fat tissue
Support of the body
C
How many bones in the axial skeleton?
60
126
80
72
C
Where is the Xiphoid process
In the bony thorax
In the pelvic girdle
In the spinal column
Adjacent to the metatarsals
A
Types of vertebrae include:
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Spinous, Coccyx
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx
Cervical, Thorax, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx
Cervical, Thoracic, Lordosis, Sacrum, Coccyx
B
How many bones are there in the average person’s body?
33
206
639
It varies by the individual.
B
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
Bone is where most blood cells are made.
Bone serves as a storehouse for various minerals.
Bone is a dry and non-living supporting structure.
Bone protects and supports the body and its organs.
C
WHICH BONE PROTECTS THE BRAIN:
The calcium
The cranium
The cerebrum
The cerebellum
B
Besides the brain, the skull also protects …
the lungs
the diaphragm
the body’s cells
the sense organs
D
The purpose of the rib cage is to…
protect the stomach
protect the spinal cord
protect the heart and lungs
provide an object to which the lungs can attach
C
What is the difference between cartilage and bone?
Bone is rubbery, and cartilage is firm.
Cartilage is rubbery, and bone is firm.
Bone is a more primitive tissue than cartilage.
Bone is inside the body, and cartilage is outside.
B
The hollow space in the middle of bones is filled with …
air
blood
bone cells
bone marrow
D
How many types of bones are there?
6
12
206
4
D
Which of these is NOT a type of bone?
Long
Short
Flat
Round
D
- In adults, where is cartilage still found?
On the bridge of the nose
In the Hyoid bone
Under the Coccyx
In the cerebral fluid
A
How many phlanges in the human Skeleton?
15
30
60
48
C
The three parts of the Axial Skeleton are…
Cervical vertebrae, pectoral ring, bony thorax
Skull, vertebral column, bony thorax
Skull, vertebral column, pelvic girdle
Skull, cervical vertebrae, pelvic girdle
B
Kyphosis is …
Excessive curvature of the lumbar spine
Excessive curvature of the thoracic spine
Sideways curvature of the spine
Excessive curvature of the sacrum
B
10 Which of these statements is TRUE?
Myofibrils surround the individual skeletal muscle
Sarcomeres surrounds the individual skeletal muscle
Epimysium surrounds the individual skeletal muscle
Epidermis surrounds the individual skeletal muscle
C
THIN FILAMENTS ARE CALLED
Actin
Myosin
Sarcomeres
Myofibrils
A
Thick filaments are called:
Actin
Myosin
Sarcomeres
Myofibrils
B
Actin and Myosin are made of:
Carbohydrate
Protein
Fats
Vitamins
B
Concentric contraction is:
force production at constant muscle length
force production during muscle shortening
force production during muscle lengthening
force production at various muscle lengths
B
Eccentric contraction is:
force production at constant muscle length
force production during muscle shortening
force production during muscle lengthening
force production at various muscle lengths
C
Isometric contraction is
force production at constant muscle length
force production during muscle shortening
force production during muscle lengthening
force production at various muscle lengths
A
Slow twitch muscle fibres are:
Helpful for endurance, dark in colour
Helpful for endurance, light in colour
Helpful for explosive power, dark in colour
Helpful for explosive power, light in colour
A
Fast twitch muscle fibres are:
Helpful for endurance, dark in colour
Helpful for endurance, light in colour
Helpful for explosive power, dark in colour
Helpful for explosive power, light in colour
D
Sliding filaments occur in the:
Sarcomeres
Troponin
Z line
Carbohydrates
A
Disruption of sarcomeres is common after:
accustomed high-intensity eccentric contractions
unaccustomed high-intensity eccentric contractions
unaccustomed high-intensity concentric contractions
accustomed high-intensity isometric contractions
B
