Skeletal System

Question 1

4 Parts to the skeleton

Answer 1

• Bones
• Joints
• Cartilage
• Ligaments and Tendons (bone to muscle)

Question 2

Name of the 2 divisions of skeleton

Answer 2

Axial skeleton
And
Appendicular skeleton

Question 3

How many bones in the axial skeleton and what does it include

Answer 3

80

Skull, vertebrae, sternum and ribs

Question 4

How many bones in the appendicular skeleton and what it includes

Answer 4

126

Bones of the shoulder girdle, arms and hands, pelvic girdle, legs and feet

Question 5

What does articulation mean?

Answer 5

Where joints meet, connect and are formed

Question 6

How many bones does the adult skeleton have? And what are the two basic types of bone tissue?

Answer 6

206

Compact bone and spongy bone

Question 7

5 functions of bones

Answer 7

1) support the body
2) protection of soft organs
3) Movement due to attached skeletal muscles
4) storage of minerals and fats
5) blood cell formation

Question 8

4 types of bones and description

Answer 8

Long bones- found in the limbs allow for Movement

Short bones- primarily found in hand and foot, allow for movement and strength

Irregular bones- vertebrae, provide protection

Flat bone- skull, allows for muscle attachment

Question 9

Classification of bones:

Long bone

Short bone

Flat bone

Irregular bone

Answer 9

Long- longer than they are wide, have a shaft with heads at both ends, mostly compact bone e.g. Femur or Humerus

Short- cube shaped, mostly spongy e.g. Carpals or tarsals

Flat- thin and flattened, usually curved, thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy e.g. Skull, ribs, sternum

Irregular- irregular shape and don’t fit other classification e.g. Vertebrae or hip

Question 10

3 types of bone cells and description

Answer 10

1) osteocytes - mature bone cells
2) osteoblasts - bone forming cells
3) osteoclasts - bone destroying cells that break down bone cells for remodelling and release of calcium

Question 11

3 main locations of cartilage

Answer 11

Bridge of nose

Part of ribs

Joints

Question 12

Bone growth:

What allows it?

Answer 12

Epiphyseal plates allow for growth of long ones in childhood

New cartilage is continually formed

Older cartilage becomes ossified

Cartilage is broken down

Bone replaces cartilage

Question 13

Where is the Xiphoid process

Answer 13

in the bony thorax

Question 14

Types of vertebrae include:

Answer 14

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx

Question 15

Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
a Bone is where most blood cells are made.
b Bone serves as a storehouse for various minerals.
c Bone is a dry and non-living supporting structure.
d Bone protects and supports the body and its organs.

Answer 15

C

Question 16

Besides the brain, the skull also protects …

Answer 16

the sense organs

Question 17

What is the difference between cartilage and bone?

Answer 17

cartilage is rubbery and bone is firm

Question 18

How many phalanges in the human Skeleton?

Answer 18

60

Question 19

Kyphosis is …

Answer 19

Excessive curvature of the thoracic spine

Question 20

the bony thorax makes a cage to protect the major organs what are the three parts to it?

Answer 20

sternum, ribs and thoracic vertebrae

Question 21

What does the appendicular skeleton include of

Answer 21

Limbs
Pectoral girdle
Pelvis

Question 22

Bones of the upper limb-

Answer 22

Upper arm formed by a single bone- humerus

Fore arm consists of two bones - radius and ulna

Hand- three bones: carpals, meta carpals and phalanges

Question 23

Bones of th lower limbs

Answer 23

Thigh has one bone- femur

Lower leg has two bones- tibia and fibula

The foot- tarsus, metatarsals and phalanges

Question 24

Arches of the foot

Answer 24

Medial longitudinal

Lateral longitudinal

Transverse

Question 25

Shoulder - what is the other name for it and what two bones make it up

Answer 25

Pectoral girdle

Clavicle and scapula

Question 26

Pelvis- 3 pair of fused bones:

Answer 26

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis