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EM_Davi > testings options > Flashcards

testings options Flashcards

1
Q

ischemic stroke

A

blood supply to part of the brain is blocked or reduced, main cause: atherosclerosis (plaque in there)

87% of most strokes

symptoms:
weakness/numb on one side of body/face
vision probs
dizzy
headache
high BP

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2
Q

compensated shock

A

pre-shock
tachycardia
vasoconstriction
bp changes
extremity pulse issues

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3
Q

obstructed shock

A

bl obstructed in/out of the hrt or great vessels

Causes:
pulm embolism
cardiac tamponade
tension pneumothorax

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4
Q

decompensated shock

A

body starts having probs maintaining BP, vital organs perfusion is failing.
BP drops.
labored breathing.
cyanotic
dilated pupils

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5
Q

distributed shock

A

decreased bl flow to vital organs
systemic vasodilation

causes:
Sepsis
anaphylaxis

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6
Q

a partner with more experience suggests your level of prehospital experience is weak…

A

(i think the answer was something on taking training)

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7
Q

stab wound left of the sternum. no bubbling, clear lungs. likely what?

A

NOT open pneumo.

possibly tension pneumo if there is also tracheal deviation/JVD

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8
Q

Diagnosis of tension pneumothorax should be suspected in individuals with respiratory distress, tracheal deviation, distended neck veins, low blood pressure, and decreased or absent breath sounds upon lung auscultation.

A
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9
Q

ventilations/min for a 1yo

A

The provider will deliver 12 to 20 breaths per minute for an infant or child (approximately 1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds).

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10
Q

cocaine = DILATES pupils

heroine = CONSTRICTS pupils

meth = CONSTRICTS pupils

A
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11
Q

patient is minimally responsive, pale, clammy, rapid HR. lacerated his own throat, low BP…what is this?

A

decompensated shock (the low BP)

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12
Q

late signs of anaphylactic reaction:

A

decreased BP/hypotension

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13
Q

trauma ptnt with JVD, you can eliminate what:

massive hemothorax

tension pneumothorax

pericardial tamponade

severe pulm contusion (NOT THIS ONE)

A

Answer must be massive hemothorax based on these notes:

a massive hemothorax is characterized by: more than 1,500 mL of blood within the pleural space. pain/heaviness in chest, sob, anxiety,rapid HR

tension pneumo:
rapid HR
chest pain
sob
JVD!
low BP

pericardial tamponade:
low BP
JVD!!
distant/muffled HR

severe pulm contusion (bruised lung from trauma) symptoms:
wheezing/coughing
sob
tachycardia
bruises on chest
(JVD unclear - but this wasn’t the correct answer)

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14
Q

high qual cpr:

A

18+:
1 or 2 rescuers
30:2

infants/children:
1 rescuer
30:2
2 or more rescuers
15:2

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15
Q

70-80mL of bl ejected from the:

A

heart

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16
Q

stroke volume:

A

amount of bl moved in 1 beat
cardio output (CO) is the amount of bl moved in 1 minute (heart rate X stroke volume= cardio output)

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17
Q

infant HR can go as high as ___ with injury/illness:

A

160

18
Q

vasoconstriction looks like:

A

pallor
weak distal pulses
delayed capillary refill (more than 2 secs)
cool hands/feet

19
Q

epiglottis:

A

sore throat
hurts swallowing
respiratory issues

20
Q

mediastinum:

A

protects vital organs in the chest

21
Q

tension pneumo:

A

lung collapses. can be caused by trauma, airbag deployment… no lung sounds on one side.

22
Q

cheyne strokes breathing:

A
23
Q

inhalation mechanics:

A

intercostal muscles move ribs up and down

diaphragm goes down with inhale

24
Q

BVM tidal volume ambient air:

BVM tidal volume with O2:

A
25
Q

pulm edema, and causes:

A

fluid in lungs

Causes:
high elevations
pneumothorax
trauma

symptoms:
drown feels
frothy sputum cough
rapid HR
cold, clammy
wheeze
edema

26
Q

with geriatric patients show abnormal behavior call, you:

A

assess the baseline mental state

27
Q

when caring for ptnt with hearing prob you should:

speak directly into their ear louder

remember they can prob read lips

ask if they want to write on paper (NO)

recall that elderly have diff hearign high freq sounds

A
28
Q

fem has syncope episode in her 70s, conscious, sweaty, tachyc, hypotensive. abdom tenderness and a pulsating mass on the left, is:

A

aortic aneurysm

29
Q

GEMS for geriatric patients:

A

GERIATRIC: aging, atypical presentation

Environmental: safe environment

Medical assessment:

Social Assessment: social/basic needs

30
Q

common causes of syncop in geriatrics:

A

hypotension
cardiac disorders
venous pooling
bl volume loss

EXCEPT vasoconstriction - not a common cause of syncope here.

31
Q

geriatric with cough, fever, chills, compromised immune sys you suspect:

A

pneumonia

32
Q

75 yo patient is (U), RR’s slow, pulse is weak, slow. he fell day before , has med conditions including DVT, alcohol abuse, liver cirrhosis…and on bl thinners. you suspect:

A

subdural hematoma

A subdural haematoma occurs when a blood vessel in the space between the skull and the brain (the subdural space) is damaged. Blood escapes from the blood vessel, leading to the formation of a blood clot (haematoma) that places pressure on the brain and damages it.

symptoms:
headache
feeling sick
drowsy
speech changes

33
Q

geriatric hearts enlarge becuz:

A

bl pressure increases, heart works harder, chronically increased afterload

34
Q

you find an elderly patnt who fainted, supine, not moving, eyes closed, doesn’t respond when tapped. you:

A

direct ur partner to manually stabilize head while u quickly look for breathing

35
Q

with age the spine stiffens as a result of shrinkage and theres an increased risk for:

A

compression fractures

36
Q

advance directive:

A

legal doc that directs relatives and caregivers regards medical treatment for patients who can’t speak for themselves

37
Q

suspect LFT sided heart failure in the geriatric if:

A

tachypnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

38
Q

motor nerve neuropathy:

A

loss of balance, muscle weakness, spasms

39
Q

during natural process of aging the number of working cilia in the resp sys decreases and makes it so:

A

decreased ability to cough

40
Q

when caring for elderly with hearing probs, note:

A

recall that elderly have difficutly hearing high - freq sounds

EM_Davi (33 decks)

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