PTNT ASSESS + al-duwa'

Question 1

When it comes to a Nitro, a handy-dandy acronym to use is:

3, 4, 5

Answer 1

max 3 doses, .4mg, every five mins

Question 2

their are 7 Rights of al-duwa’:

Answer 2

Right Dose
Right Route
Right Medication
Right Patient (do they meet the indications, contraindications)
Right date (expiry)
Right documentation (documnt time given)
Right response

Question 3

OPQRST

talk through the laymans version of what these are

Answer 3

Onset:
When did you start feeling this

Provocation:
What brought this on, does anything make it feel better or worse?

Quality:
What kind of pain is this, how does it feel
(don’t lead them, listen for words like tearing, heavy, sitting on chest, intense pressure)

Radiation:
Where do you feel the pain, does it radiate or move anywhere else?

Severity:
how bad is this pain on a scale

Time:
how long has this been going on, is it consistent or comes and goes

Question 4

SAMPLE mnemonic used in conjunction with vital signs during Secondary Assessment, or History Taking:

Answer 4

Signs and Symptoms:
What are you feeling, where does it hurt?

Allergies:
Do you have any allergies to latex or medicines we should know about?

Medications:
Are you prescribed any medicine, or did you skip a medicine you should have taken today? Did you take any medicine today?

Past Pertinent Medical History:
Do you have any medical history that could be related to this episode?
Did you have any surgeries or hospitalizations of note?

Last oral intake:
When was the last time you ate or drank anything today?

Event:
What were you doing leading up to this event?

Question 5

DCAP-BTLS mnemonic used for Rapid Trauma Assessments:

Answer 5

Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Penetrations
Burns
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling

Question 6

what are adequate RR (adult):

Answer 6

12-20 breaths/min

Question 7

different descriptions for inadequate breathing you might use:

Question 9

best way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to:

routinely place surg mase on all resp patients

wear a hepa mask when treating any resp ptnt (incorrect)

ask all ptnts if they have recently travelled abroad

get vaccinated against diphtheria tetanus, pertussis

Answer 9

get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.

Question 10

when assessing for arm drift of a ptnt w/a suspected stroke you should:

Answer 10

ask the ptnt to close their eyes during the assessment

Question 11

older ptnts with abd problems may not exhibit the same pain response as younger ptnts because:

Answer 11

age related deterioration of their sensory systems

Question 12

ptnt with difficulty breathing, type 2 diabetes, DVT. what should u suspect?

Answer 12

pulm embolism

Question 13

hypoglycemia signs and symptoms

Answer 13

cool clammy, skin weakness, tachycardia, rapid resps

Question 14

sever hyperglycemia signs and symptoms: (choose any there may be more)

warm, dry skin (incorrect)

increased thirst /dry mouth

rapid thready pulse

frequent peeing

blurred vision

recurrent infections

acetone breath odor

cool clammy skin

Answer 14

nausea/vomit
fatigue
headaches
increased thirst /dry mouth
frequent peeing
blurred vision
fruity breath odor (late sign)

Question 15

insulin functions in the body by:

metabolizing glucose to make energy (incorrect)

increasing circulating bl glucose

producing new glucose as needed

enabling glucose to enter the cells

Answer 15

The role of insulin in the body is to allow glucose in the blood to enter cells, providing them with the energy to function

Question 16

kussmaul resps indicate teh body is:

severely hypoxic and elminating excess CO2 (incorrect)

trying to generate energy by breathing deeply

attempting to eliminate acids from the bl

Answer 16

Kussmaul respirations are characterized by rapid, deep breathing at a consistent pace. They are indicative of metabolic acidosis, or when the body accumulates too much acid. Kussmaul respirations are occasionally described as air hunger, emphasizing the strong need to breathe.
In an attempt to expel carbon dioxide, which is an acidic compound in blood, the body starts to breathe faster and deeper.

Question 17

normal bl glucose levels

Answer 17

50-120

Question 18

determine whether a ptnt is high or low priority transport when?

Answer 18

typically after the primary assess is done

Question 19

male ptnt with emphysema, worsening dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain after a forceful cough, barrel shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds (absent or decreased in one lung), tachycardia - likely cause:

Answer 19

spontaneous pneumothorax

Spontaneous pneumothorax is an abnormal condition of the lung characterized by the collection of gas in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall, causes a sudden collapse of the lung.
can be caused by chest trauma or lung disease (hence, emphysema here).

sometimes the cause is unk and can happen to tall, thin folks, scuba divers,
smoking, high altitude.

symptoms:
sharp pain worsened by coughing (another hint in the question)
chest wall retractions
sob
nasal flaring
tachycardia

Question 20

a ptnt overdosed on aspirin, likely the ptnts resps will be:

Answer 20

deep and rapid

Question 21

The correct statement about pulse oximetry is that

Answer 21

it measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood.

Question 22

A 66-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). On the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect

Answer 22

pulm embolism

Research suggests diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis,

also, Diabetes increases the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries, which can cause dangerous blood clots.

Question 23

Which of the following sets of vital signs would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with acute cocaine overdose?

Answer 23

BP, 200/100 mmHg; pulse, 150 bpm.

Question 24

early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all BUT:

loss of appetite , cough (incorrect)

vomiting, fever, fatigue

pain in muscles and joints (incorrect)

jaundice, abd pain

Answer 24

this ones confusing it should actually be all of these are symptoms.
answer:jaundice/abd pain

fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, light-colored stools, joint pain, and jaundice. Symptoms of chronic viral hepatitis can take decades to develop.

Question 25

ptnt with polydipsia [thirst], polyurea [mucho pee], polyphagia [hunger],
abnormal breathing, decreased loc:

Answer 25

likely hyperglycemic.
one could also say body is using alternative sources of fuel since it doesn’t have glucose, and breaking down its own fats