katab 25

Question 1

index of suspicion yu’anee:

Answer 1

an awareness or concern for potentially serious underlying serious, unseen injuries.

Ex: maintain a high index of suspicion for hidden, internal injuries in patients with blunt trauma.

Question 2

MOI forces act on the body and cause inj. these forces can also be referred to as energy transmission beyond what a body’s can handle. what 3 types, or concepts of energy are typically associated with injury?

Answer 2

Potential Energy

Kinetic Energy

Energy of Work

Question 3

Kinetic Energy = 1/2 mass X velocity(2nd power)

OR

KE = 1/2 m X v2

Question: Define Kinetic Energy

Answer 3

kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object.

Question 4

Define Potential Energy:

Answer 4

product of mass (weight), force of gravity, and height mostly associated with the energy of falling objects.

Question 5

coup-contrecoup brain inj is when (what organ) strikes the inside of the coup. this results in a compression injury to the anterior portion of the (what organ).

Answer 5

brain.
*coup=the skull

Question 6

a ptnt typically experiences 3 collisions in a car accident. these are:

Answer 6

collision of car against car/object/tree (greater damage to the car, greater damage to the patients)

collision of passenger(s) against the cars interior. worse if the patient is not restrained.

collision of the patients internal organs against the solid structures of the body. these injuries are not as apparent but can be the most life threatening.

Question 7

primary blast injs: injuries caused by the _____ of the blast.

secondary blast injs: caused by the ____ from the blast

Answer 7

pressure waves

flying debris

Question 8

tertiary blast injs, when person is ____ by the force. this causes physical displacement, also referred to as ‘____ ____’ when the body hits the ground

Answer 8

thrown/hurled

ground shock

Question 9

quaternary blast injs: miscellaneous injuries from the blast such as:

Answer 9

burns, inhaling toxins, suffocation, poisoning, crush from other objects falling

Question 10

hollow organs are suspectable to inj from blast waves. where is the tympanic membrane?

Answer 10

in the ear, a sensitive pressure indicator in the ear. symptoms of possible injury to this includes blood in the ear canal, ear ringing, loss of hearing

Question 11

pulmonary blast injs are defined as pulmonary ____. results from short range exposure to explosives detonation.

Answer 11

trauma

Question 12

what are some types of pulmonary blast inj trauma injs:

Answer 12

respiratory distress

subcutaneous emphysema (air in thorax)

pneumothorax

pulmonary edema

*administer O2 for any suspected lung injury

Question 13

pinpoint red-purple hemorrhages

Answer 13

petechiae

Question 14

subarachnoid hematoma:

Answer 14

beneath arachnoid layer covering the brain

Question 15

subdural hematoma:

Answer 15

beneath outermost covering of the brain

Question 16

when the speed of a vehicle doubles, the amnt of kinetic energy:

Answer 16

quadruples

Question 17

Trauma Centr Level 1:

Answer 17

1. Comprehensive facility.
   24-hr in-house with general surgeons
   has specialties and the most resources
   should have cardiac, hand, pediatric, hemodialysis
   usually in cities
   often university based teaching facilities

Question 18

Trauma Centr Level 2:

Answer 18

2: Definitive care for all patients.
24-hour coverage by general surgeons.
availability of orthopaedic surg, neurosurgery, anesthesiology, emerg medicine, radiology, critical care.
may include a level 1 trauma center

Question 19

Trauma Centr Level 3:

Answer 19

3: 24 hour, emerg medicine physicians and prompt availability of gen surgeons as needed.
transfer agreements for patients who need Level 1 or Level 2 facilities

Question 20

Trauma Centr Level 4:

Answer 20

4: basic emergency facillities
ATLS protocols, 24 hr lab coverage
Transfer to higher level facilities

usually in remote areas

Question 21

pers standing near a bldg during an explosion. most likely inj from the primary blast:

severe burns
fractured bones
ruptured eardrum
impaled by objects

Answer 21

ruptured eardrum

Question 22

young man jumped and landed 12 ft below from a tree. complains of lower back pain. what MOI is most likely responsible:

lateral impact to spine
energy transmission to spine
direct trauma to spinal column

Answer 22

energy transmission to spine

Question 23

young man with a gunshot wound. your partner assesses and treats airway, you control obvious bl and:

apply c-spine
obtain vitals
assess for exit wound

Answer 23

assess for exit wound

Question 24

when assessing car interior following a car crash, you are gathering info regarding

index of suspicion
mechanism of injury
kinetic energy
potential energy

Answer 24

MOI

Question 25

which of the follwg regarding gunshot wounds is correct: speed of the bullet has the greatest impact on injury low-velocity bullets cause the greatest trauma high-velocity bullets cause the greatest trauma

Answer 25

speed has the greatest impact on injury sustained

Question 26

signs of a pulmonary blast include: vomiting blood coughing up blood irreg pulse rib fractures

Answer 26

coughing up blood

Question 27

kid riding back, gets hit by car. was wearing helmet. assess her airway, breath, and circulation and also MoST important to: obtain vitals stabilize spine inspect helmet for cracks

Answer 27

stabilize spine

Question 28

pressure waves from a bullet, causing damage remote from its path is:

Answer 28

cavitation

Question 29

inj most likely to occur following third collision injury in a car crash: flail chest aortic rupture extremity fractures forehead lacerations

Answer 29

aortic rupture

Question 30

with low velocity penetrating injs the area of inj is usually (far/close) to the path the object took through the body

Answer 30

close

Question 31

a driver involved in a rollover accident will most likely experience serious inj or death if they are:

Answer 31

partially or fully ejected

Question 32

when a car strikes a tree, the unrestrained occupant: will be throw over the steering wheel remains in motion until acted upon by an external force will decelerate at the same speed as the vehicle

Answer 32

remains in motion until acted upon by an external force

Question 33

force acting over a distance is:

Answer 33

work

Question 34

in contract to a L3 trauma center, a Level 1 trauma center must have:

Answer 34

general surgeons in house 24-hrs

Question 35

when evaluating MOI in vehicle collision against pedestrian you should first:

Answer 35

(didn't know this one)

Question 36

which of the fllowg would most likely hppn cuz of second collision in an MVC: collapsed dashboard intrathoracic hemorrhage (incorrect) deformed steering wheel caved in door

Answer 36

deformed steering wheel

Question 37

definition of index of suspicion:

Answer 37

awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

Question 38

which of these most likely a result of third collision in MVC: flail chest aortic rupture extremity fractures forehead lacerations

Answer 38

aortic rupture

Question 39

male struck in chest w/steel pipe, pulse is rapid and irregular. you should be most suspicious of: cardiac disease lacerated coronary artery bruising heart muscle traumatic rupture of the aorta

Answer 39

traumatic rupture of the aorta

Question 40

about 25% of severe injs to the aorta are a cuz of collision to frontal rear (incorrect) rollover (incorrect) lateral

Question 41

pulmonary blast injy patient, you should: use demand valve to ventilate suspect cardiac tamponade (incorrect) avoid giving O2 administer fluids intravenously

Answer 41

?

Question 42

pressure waves emanating from the bullet causing damage remote to its path is:

Answer 42

cavitation

Question 43

you have pedestrian patient who was hit by a car, you should first: evaluate the vehicle for structural damage (incorrect) determine if the ptnt was propelled approximate the speed of the vehicle determine if the ptnt was struck and pulled under the vehicle

Question 44

definition of force acting over a distance:

Answer 44

work

Question 45

which is correct regarding low energy penetrating injs is correct? exit wounds are easy to locate (incorrect) internal injs are easy to predict easy to differentiate between and exit and entrance wound area of inj is usually close to the path the object took

Question 46

according to ACS-COT, an adult trauma ptnt should be transported to highest level trauma center if: they were in MVC and the other passenger was killed (incorrect) has systolic less than 110 or HR greater than 110 has bleed disorder or takes anticoagulants and has a blunt inj or penetrating inj has GCS score less than or equal to 13

Question 47

sign of a pulmonary blast:

Answer 47

coughing up blood