Testing Week 1

Question 1

Brest-Litovsk

Answer 1

1/6 population (60m)
1/3 agricultural produce
26% railway lines
76% iron and coal produce

Question 2

1917 Decrees

Answer 2

Oct - Land seizures legitimate

Nov - Workers control in factories

Question 3

Undermining of the Soviets

Answer 3

Lenin took control in the name of the Petrograd Soviet but as it met less and less frequently the Sovnarkom took Precedence

Question 4

One Party State

Answer 4

People angry at one party state so Lenin allowed some SRs in

Railway workers went on strike November and select Bolsheviks even asked for broader representation as well

Question 5

Constituent Assembly

Answer 5

Jan 1918 shut down - 12 protestors shot dead

Question 6

NEP

Answer 6

Grain shortages, protests and Kronstadt sailor threats against wartime polices required a more practical capitalist approach

Question 7

Georgia

Answer 7

Georgia wanted greater independence but Stalin crushed this brutally in 1922 (Lenin was unhappy at this)

Question 8

Assassination attempt

Answer 8

1922 show trial of a group of SRs

11 leaders executed and group banned

Question 9

Leadership competition

Answer 9

1922 Dec - Stalin, Zinoviev and Kamenev formed Triumvirate to stop Trotsky

1923 Apr - Central Committee members are elected and Stalin has strong support (General Secretary and so build support from lower levels)

1924 May - Lenin’s letter gets blocked as Kamenev and Zinoviev criticised (Stalin mainly)

1926 July - Stalin speaks in favour of Bukharin, Zinoviev and Kamenev call for a vote of no confidence and loose every vote

1926 Nov - Zinoviev and Kamenev join Trotsky (‘United Opposition’) but Stalin accuses them of factionalism (Trotsky expelled)

1928 Sept - Bukharin tries to join Trotsky as Stalin had changed sides again but Stalin accuses both of factionalism (later removed from Politburo)

Question 10

Stalins change of stance on NEP

Answer 10

Stalin dislikes up to 1925
Liked from 1925-28
Disliked again after 1928

Shows he was an opportunist

Question 11

Stalin’s policy of ‘Lenin’s enrolment’

Answer 11

Introduced 1924-25

Doubled membership to 1m

Question 12

Initial problems of workers controlling factories

Answer 12

Some granted themselves large pay rises, took stocks and equipment (examples of conveyor belts being cut to make shoes)

High inflation as a result and hoarding started as money was worthless