Alexander III

Question 1

Start of reign

Answer 1

Hanged Alex II conspirators and 1881 Manifesto of Unshakable Autocracy

Loris-Melikov proposals abandoned and reformer ministers resigned (Milyutin)

Question 2

Gov + police changes

Answer 2

Land Captain created 1889 - override elections, zemstva decisions and judicial

Plehve lead dtp. Police and police numbers up
+ statute of police surveillance 1882 meant search, arrest, detain, question, imprison and exile any without reason

Question 3

Judicial and education changes

Answer 3

Alex II reforms reversed
1887 closed courts, 1889 Land Captain control of volost courts

5+ student gatherings banned
Peasants banned from secondary education and church regained primary

Question 4

Some reforms

Answer 4

1881 reduced redemption payments and cancelled some

1885 poll tax abolished

Question 5

Russification

Answer 5

Alex II hasn’t systematically oppressed miniorities

Alex III used propaganda to convert lutherans and removed special privileges like polish national bank 1885
332 cases of mass disturbance 1888 (quickly curbed)

Question 6

Liberal Opposition

Answer 6

The Tchaikovsky Circle (set up 1869) - organised printing and publishing revolutionary literature

Narodniks - ‘going to the people’ peasants told police and 1600 arrested (shows loyalty)

Question 7

Radical opposition

Answer 7

Land and liberty killed 3rd section leader 1878

The People’s Will - spy in 3rd section, killed Alex II