Alexander II

Question 1

Education

Answer 1

Gov reasserted control after 1866

Universities become separate (62-67)

After zemstva gained education control but latter church regained

Uni students went to 10,000 in 1870s

Question 2

Censorship

Answer 2

1870s retightening - meant people experienced a taste but taken away=opposition

Popularity in books increased before 1870s

Question 3

Alexander II assassination attempts

Answer 3

4 from 1866-1880

2 students

Question 4

Alexander’s aims

Answer 4

Stop backwardness

Expand economy

Improve military

Institutional improvements
-judicial, education, censorship, local gov

Question 5

Military

Answer 5

Smaller
More efficient
Better trained and supplied
Less expensive

Conscription to 5 from 25yrs
Less punishment
Military colleges trained non-noble officers

Question 6

Judicial

Answer 6

Innocent until proven guilty introduced

Open courts - however lead to opposition and many went on through the secret military court

Question 7

Alexander later years replacing ministers

Answer 7

Tolstoy became education
Pahlen became justice

Both conservative

Question 8

Loris-Melikov constitution

Answer 8

Min for internal affairs
Loris-Melikov released pol
prisoners and lowered censorship and abolished 3rd section