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Psychology > Test Unit 3 > Flashcards

Test Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Guilford’s Alternate Uses test assesses the attribute of flexibility of thought by considering

A

the number of categories of responses

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2
Q

Thinking outside the box implies that

A

solutions can be found by looking at a problem from a new perspective

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3
Q

Arthur Jensen proposes that there are limits to increase in the improvement of IQ scores for people of different

A

racial groups

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4
Q

Which of the following is typically a characteristic of savants?

A

low IQ scores

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5
Q

Which of the following is criterion to be considered for intellectual disability?

A

An individual must show significant limitations in everyday adaptive behavior

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6
Q

What are current IQ scores based on?

A

How well a person does on tests relative to norms established by testing people of the same age

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7
Q

Why do some psychologists and scholars criticize Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence?

A

Gardner’s ideas were argued to mroe theoretical than empirical

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8
Q

Which of the following is a component of crystallized intelligence?

A

using cultural knowledge in problem-solving

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9
Q

Most intelligence tests determine a person’s overall intelligence score by his or her scores on specific subsets. On which of the following theories are such tests based?

A

the g-factor theory

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10
Q

Charles Spearman’s theory of intelligence is known as

A

the g-factor theory

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11
Q

Which of the following is associated with crystallized intelligence rather than with fluid intelligence?

A

size of vocabulary

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12
Q

What is the definition of successful intelligence, as propounded by Robert Sternberg?

A

Intelligence is an integrated set of information-processing and cognitive abilities need for life success

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13
Q

Which of the following is typically characteristic of savants?

A

low IQ scores

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14
Q

Arthur Jensen proposed that there are limits to increase in the improvement of IQ scores for people of different

A

racial groups

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15
Q

Which of the following is true for algorithms?

A

they are step-by-steps procedures that are used in solving problems

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16
Q

Allan is well known for coming up with many ideas on any given topic. What describes Allan’s ability?

A

ideational fluency

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17
Q

According to Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence, a botanist and a hunter in a primitive society would both have a high level of ?

A

naturalistic intelligence

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18
Q

Which of the following is true for the mental age of a person?

A

It is based on what most people at a particular age level can do

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19
Q

What is an example of adaptive behavior?

A

learning to brush your teeth

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20
Q

A savant is most likely to suffer from

A

autism

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21
Q

For most people in most environments, the reaction range for IQ is about 25 points. This means that

A

a given person may end up scoring anywhere in a 25-point rage in an IQ test, depending on the kind of environment in which he or she is raised

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22
Q

What is true for mental sets in problem-solving?

A

Having strategies for problem solving can prevent the development of fresh perspectives

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23
Q

Which of the following describes an insight?

A

reaching a solution that comes to mind spontaneously

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24
Q

What happens to the crystallized intelligence as one goes from young adulthood to middle adulthood?

A

improves

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25
Q

What procedure does William Stern use to determine a person’s intelligence score?

A

Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100

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26
Q

Which of the following indicates that a test demonstrates predictive validity?

A

people who score high on a particular test tend to earn more in the future

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27
Q

What is often involved in performing various IQ tasks?

A

prefrontal cortex

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28
Q

What best describes cognitive fixation?

A

The inability to break out of a particular mind-set in order to think about a problem from a fresh perspective

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29
Q

Raven’s Progressive Test us commonly used and measure for

A

fluid intelligence

29
Q

If following Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence, an employer sifting through candidates for the role of a team leader would look for someone with high levels of

A

interpersonal intelligence

30
Q

Pauline was born with a chromosomal disorder. She was diagnosed to have three rather than two number 21 chromosomes. She also suffered from learning disabilities. Her intellectual disability is a result of …

A

Down Syndrome

31
Q

The interpretation that genetics influences intelligence to such an extent that one’s IQ levels are determined at conception is held erroneous because

A

interaction of genes with environment forces can shape gene expression

32
Q

What happens when people develop mental sets?

A

They tend to continue to use problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past.

33
Q

In which of the following situations will a person be least able to solve problems that require creative insight

A

damage to the frontal region of the right hemisphere

34
Q

The question “How are you intelligent?” is best answered by a theory based on

A

multiple-factor theory of intelligence

35
Q

“What is the best concentration of chemicals required to maximize production?” - What is this an example of?

A

convergent problem

36
Q

In Caroll’s classification, sequential reasoning for fluid intelligence, reading and spelling are a part of

A

narrow intelligence

37
Q

According to Jean Piaget, whatis true?

A

cognitive abilities develop in stages rather than gradually

38
Q

Which of the following is most often involved in performing various IQ tasks?

A

prefrontal cortex

39
Q

Vocabulary tests are measures of

A

crystallized intelligence

40
Q

Which of the following lends support to Gardner’s multifaceted view of intelligence?

A

Student who demonstrate ability in some areas do poorly on traditional intelligence tests

41
Q

Ryan, aged 18, has an IQ of 65. This suggests that he has a (blank) level of intellectual disability

A

mild

42
Q

According to the evolutionary model of motivation, the major motives of living organisms include:

A

survival and reproduction needs and drives

43
Q

Loreta is a 10 year old, is a budding singer, and her parents ask her to showcase her talents every time they have guests at home. Loreta likes it when everybody praises her. Therefore she attends classes and practices singing regularly. Which of the following is influencing her the most?

A

extrinsic motivation

44
Q

What is an essential factor in intrinsic motivation?

A

autonomy

45
Q

What is true of self-conscious emotions?

A

They require a sense of self

46
Q

What part of the brain structure is most likely responsible for empathy towards others?

A

insula

47
Q

Theory that states that the cost of having sex is quite different for men and women

A

parental investment theory

48
Q

What is a characteristic of children who have attended socioemotional (SEL) programs?

A

they have higher GPA’s

49
Q

What part of the brain plays a crucial role in sexual arousal?

A

the hypothalamus

50
Q

What is associated with intrinsic motivation?

A

enjoyment

51
Q

What is true of Amara, whose amygdala was damaged during a car accident?

A

she has a difficult time expressing fear and its related emotions

52
Q

In the context of the models of motivation, maintaining homeostasis is a major motivating factor in the (blank) model of motivation

A

drive-reduction

53
Q

In a classic study of sexual behavior and culture, Ford and Beach characterized societies into (blank) societies

A

restrictive, Semirestrictive, permissive

54
Q

According to Ekman’s description, which of the following best describes an emotion family?

A

a broad category, such as fear, consists of specific emotions like anxiety and nervousness

55
Q

is the evaluations of a situation with respect to how relevant it is to one’s own welfare

A

Appraisal

56
Q

What does the Hassles and Uplifts scale measure?

A

The frequency and intensity of minor irritations and the positive events of daily life that may counteract their damaging effects

57
Q

The (blank) states that social support is beneficial to mental and physical health whether or not a person is under stress

A

direct effects hypothesis

58
Q

What does the physiological reactivity model examine?

A

How a sustained physiological activation associated with stress response affects the occurrence of illness

59
Q

Which is a term for tumor-fighting cells?

A

Natural killer cells

60
Q

Who proposed the Type A Behavior Patterns (TABP)?

A

Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman

61
Q

What is true of foods that are high in fiber and low in fat?

A

They can help protect against cancer of the colon

62
Q

What is true of secondary appraisal?

A

It involves a self-assessment of the resources available to cope with stress

63
Q

The activation of the (blank) nervous system persists and creates sustained physiological arousal in the physiological reactivity model

A

sympathetic nervous system

64
Q

What is acquired immunity?

A

A defense mechanism that recognizes specific antigens and then reproduces specialized cells or circulating proteins to fight those antigens

65
Q

What is true of the transactional view of stress?

A

stress can be examined in terms of how people respond to stressors and cope with possible stress

66
Q

What is activated by smoking?

A

sympathetic nervous system

67
Q

When does the release of CRF stop?

A

when the level of cortisol in the blood adequately meets the body’s metabolic needs

68
Q

Which of the following statements about Mason’s studies in the early 1970’s challenged Selye’s assumptions about stress?

A

It showed that an animal’s response to a stressor differed depending on its psychological state

69
Q

What fights antigens through the process of cellular immunity?

A

T lymphocytes

Psychology (8 decks)

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