Test Unit 3 Flashcards
Guilford’s Alternate Uses test assesses the attribute of flexibility of thought by considering
the number of categories of responses
Thinking outside the box implies that
solutions can be found by looking at a problem from a new perspective
Arthur Jensen proposes that there are limits to increase in the improvement of IQ scores for people of different
racial groups
Which of the following is typically a characteristic of savants?
low IQ scores
Which of the following is criterion to be considered for intellectual disability?
An individual must show significant limitations in everyday adaptive behavior
What are current IQ scores based on?
How well a person does on tests relative to norms established by testing people of the same age
Why do some psychologists and scholars criticize Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence?
Gardner’s ideas were argued to mroe theoretical than empirical
Which of the following is a component of crystallized intelligence?
using cultural knowledge in problem-solving
Most intelligence tests determine a person’s overall intelligence score by his or her scores on specific subsets. On which of the following theories are such tests based?
the g-factor theory
Charles Spearman’s theory of intelligence is known as
the g-factor theory
Which of the following is associated with crystallized intelligence rather than with fluid intelligence?
size of vocabulary
What is the definition of successful intelligence, as propounded by Robert Sternberg?
Intelligence is an integrated set of information-processing and cognitive abilities need for life success
Which of the following is typically characteristic of savants?
low IQ scores
Arthur Jensen proposed that there are limits to increase in the improvement of IQ scores for people of different
racial groups
Which of the following is true for algorithms?
they are step-by-steps procedures that are used in solving problems
Allan is well known for coming up with many ideas on any given topic. What describes Allan’s ability?
ideational fluency
According to Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence, a botanist and a hunter in a primitive society would both have a high level of ?
naturalistic intelligence
Which of the following is true for the mental age of a person?
It is based on what most people at a particular age level can do
What is an example of adaptive behavior?
learning to brush your teeth
A savant is most likely to suffer from
autism
For most people in most environments, the reaction range for IQ is about 25 points. This means that
a given person may end up scoring anywhere in a 25-point rage in an IQ test, depending on the kind of environment in which he or she is raised
What is true for mental sets in problem-solving?
Having strategies for problem solving can prevent the development of fresh perspectives
Which of the following describes an insight?
reaching a solution that comes to mind spontaneously
What happens to the crystallized intelligence as one goes from young adulthood to middle adulthood?
improves
What procedure does William Stern use to determine a person’s intelligence score?
Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100
Which of the following indicates that a test demonstrates predictive validity?
people who score high on a particular test tend to earn more in the future
What is often involved in performing various IQ tasks?
prefrontal cortex
What best describes cognitive fixation?
The inability to break out of a particular mind-set in order to think about a problem from a fresh perspective
Raven’s Progressive Test us commonly used and measure for
fluid intelligence
If following Howard Gardner’s theory of intelligence, an employer sifting through candidates for the role of a team leader would look for someone with high levels of
interpersonal intelligence
Pauline was born with a chromosomal disorder. She was diagnosed to have three rather than two number 21 chromosomes. She also suffered from learning disabilities. Her intellectual disability is a result of …
Down Syndrome
The interpretation that genetics influences intelligence to such an extent that one’s IQ levels are determined at conception is held erroneous because
interaction of genes with environment forces can shape gene expression
What happens when people develop mental sets?
They tend to continue to use problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past.
In which of the following situations will a person be least able to solve problems that require creative insight
damage to the frontal region of the right hemisphere
The question “How are you intelligent?” is best answered by a theory based on
multiple-factor theory of intelligence
“What is the best concentration of chemicals required to maximize production?” - What is this an example of?
convergent problem
In Caroll’s classification, sequential reasoning for fluid intelligence, reading and spelling are a part of
narrow intelligence
According to Jean Piaget, whatis true?
cognitive abilities develop in stages rather than gradually
Which of the following is most often involved in performing various IQ tasks?
prefrontal cortex
Vocabulary tests are measures of
crystallized intelligence
Which of the following lends support to Gardner’s multifaceted view of intelligence?
Student who demonstrate ability in some areas do poorly on traditional intelligence tests
Ryan, aged 18, has an IQ of 65. This suggests that he has a (blank) level of intellectual disability
mild
According to the evolutionary model of motivation, the major motives of living organisms include:
survival and reproduction needs and drives
Loreta is a 10 year old, is a budding singer, and her parents ask her to showcase her talents every time they have guests at home. Loreta likes it when everybody praises her. Therefore she attends classes and practices singing regularly. Which of the following is influencing her the most?
extrinsic motivation
What is an essential factor in intrinsic motivation?
autonomy
What is true of self-conscious emotions?
They require a sense of self
What part of the brain structure is most likely responsible for empathy towards others?
insula
Theory that states that the cost of having sex is quite different for men and women
parental investment theory
What is a characteristic of children who have attended socioemotional (SEL) programs?
they have higher GPA’s
What part of the brain plays a crucial role in sexual arousal?
the hypothalamus
What is associated with intrinsic motivation?
enjoyment
What is true of Amara, whose amygdala was damaged during a car accident?
she has a difficult time expressing fear and its related emotions
In the context of the models of motivation, maintaining homeostasis is a major motivating factor in the (blank) model of motivation
drive-reduction
In a classic study of sexual behavior and culture, Ford and Beach characterized societies into (blank) societies
restrictive, Semirestrictive, permissive
According to Ekman’s description, which of the following best describes an emotion family?
a broad category, such as fear, consists of specific emotions like anxiety and nervousness
is the evaluations of a situation with respect to how relevant it is to one’s own welfare
Appraisal
What does the Hassles and Uplifts scale measure?
The frequency and intensity of minor irritations and the positive events of daily life that may counteract their damaging effects
The (blank) states that social support is beneficial to mental and physical health whether or not a person is under stress
direct effects hypothesis
What does the physiological reactivity model examine?
How a sustained physiological activation associated with stress response affects the occurrence of illness
Which is a term for tumor-fighting cells?
Natural killer cells
Who proposed the Type A Behavior Patterns (TABP)?
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman
What is true of foods that are high in fiber and low in fat?
They can help protect against cancer of the colon
What is true of secondary appraisal?
It involves a self-assessment of the resources available to cope with stress
The activation of the (blank) nervous system persists and creates sustained physiological arousal in the physiological reactivity model
sympathetic nervous system
What is acquired immunity?
A defense mechanism that recognizes specific antigens and then reproduces specialized cells or circulating proteins to fight those antigens
What is true of the transactional view of stress?
stress can be examined in terms of how people respond to stressors and cope with possible stress
What is activated by smoking?
sympathetic nervous system
When does the release of CRF stop?
when the level of cortisol in the blood adequately meets the body’s metabolic needs
Which of the following statements about Mason’s studies in the early 1970’s challenged Selye’s assumptions about stress?
It showed that an animal’s response to a stressor differed depending on its psychological state
What fights antigens through the process of cellular immunity?
T lymphocytes
