Test Review - Unit 1

Question 1

Psychology is most accurately defined as

Answer 1

scientific study of thought and behavior

Question 2

Who is most likely to ask this question: How does parent-infant bonding affect adult relationships?

Answer 2

Developmental Psychologist

Question 3

(blank) can be best best described as the study of how real or imagined presence of others influences thought, feeling, and behavior

Answer 3

social psychology

Question 4

Around the turning of the 20th century, Sigmund Freud developed a form of therapy know as

Answer 4

psychoanalysis

Question 5

Psychologists use a standardized reference when diagnosing psychological disorders called

Answer 5

the American Psychological Association Guide to Mental Disorders (APAGMD)

Question 6

By the 1900s, more and more psychologists had become more receptive to the ideas that who we are and what we do and think are very much influenced by genetic factors and brain activity, with a long (blank) past

Answer 6

evolutionary

Question 7

Structures or features the perform a function that did not arise through natural selection are often called …

Answer 7

exaptation

Question 8

(blank) psychology is often known as folk psychology

Answer 8

popular

Question 9

Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination are topics most likely to be studied by …

Answer 9

social psychologists

Question 10

Psychoanalysis assumes that:

Answer 10

the unconscious mind is the most powerful motivator of behavior

Question 11

What were the views of Frederick Bartlett?

Answer 11

Memory is not an objective and accurate representation of events but rather a highly personal reconstruction based on one’s own beliefs, ideas, and point of view

Question 12

Spontaneous changes in genes that can alter the design of a structure or a set of behaviors are called …

Answer 12

chance mutations

Question 13

Psyche, the root word of “psychology”, come from the Greek for

Answer 13

mind

Question 14

Psychology can be considered as a modern empirical science, because …

Answer 14

psychologists test predictions about behavior with systematic observations and by gathering data

Question 15

What psychologist asserted that psychology can be a true science only if it examines observable behavior, not ideas, thoughts, feelings, or motives

Answer 15

John Watson

Question 16

In the 17th century, (blank) proposed the view that the mind and body were separate entities

Answer 16

Rene Descartes

Question 17

Jack is a psychologist. Rather than just describing what the mind does, he is more interested in the functions of the human mind. Jack is most likely a practitioner of (blank) psychology

Answer 17

evolutionary

Question 18

According to evolutionary psychology, language and science are examples of

Answer 18

by-products of adaptation

Question 19

Dr. Hansen is conducting a study to understand whether or not one’s level of extraversion stays the same from infancy to adulthood. She is most likely a …

Answer 19

personality psychologist

Question 20

The (blank) therapy focuses on changing a person’s maladaptive thought and behavior patterns by discussing and rewarding more appropriate ways of thinking and behaving

Answer 20

cognitive-behavioral

Question 21

Empiricism is the belief that all knowledge and thoughts come from …

Answer 21

experience

Question 22

By the 1980s, cognitive science combined many disciplines in addition to psychology, What is one of them?

Answer 22

Anthropology

Question 23

Which of the following concepts allows for the idea that a soul survives bodily death?

Answer 23

Mind-body dualism

Question 24

Julie is a psychologist and she is conducting research on the effect of talking on a hands-free cell phone while driving. Based on this information we can say that Julie is a (blank) psychologist

Answer 24

cognitive

Question 25

(blank) can be described as all the genetic information contained in DNA

Answer 25

genome

Question 26

the (blank) structures are important in emotions and motivation

Answer 26

limbic

Question 27

The (blank) is a small structure that resides deep inside the cerebrum in the area that separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe

Answer 27

insula

Question 28

Tamara sustained a brain injury and as a result cannot comprehend speech. Her doctors note that she speaks frequently, but her words are streams of speech that lack meaning. Which of the following disorders best explains tamara’s symptoms?

Answer 28

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 29

What is a disadvantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Answer 29

fMRIs are very expensive

Question 30

The adrenal glands product (blank), a class of chemicals that includes the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.

Answer 30

catecholamines

Question 31

Yasmin no longer senses the sound of the air conditioner as she sits in the classroom. She has stopped attending to its stimulation because she sits in the same classroom every day. Psychologists call this experience …

Answer 31

sensory adaptation

Question 32

A study was conducted across many cities in the United States to determine the correlation between the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity in children. The study was conducted among children from different schools over a period of one year. Multiple correlations were taken and studied, and the results were found to be the same. It was found that obesity is found more in children who regularly consume soft drinks than children who do not. Which of the following is a characteristic of the result of the study?

Answer 32

reliable

Question 33

The use of solar panels to run washing machines. What is this example of?

Answer 33

the sensory process of transduction

Question 34

(blank) is involved in voluntarily controlling muscles and is released during feelings of pleasure or reward

Answer 34

dopamine

Question 35

A person claims red cars are unsafe even though studies show no correlation between the color and safety of cars. This is an example of?

Answer 35

illusory correlation

Question 36

Institutions conducting research should evaluate every proposed study’s beneficence, which is:

Answer 36

minimizing costs for participants and maximizing benefits

Question 37

From her seat in the top row of the stadium, the football fan had a great view of the halftime entertainment. As she watched, two large groups of band members were marching towards then through one another, in opposite directions. The ability to keep track of each separate group made possible by the Gestalt law of …

Answer 37

common fate

Question 38

A perceptual set is good example of what is known as…

Answer 38

top-down processing

Question 39

A patient has just received a prescription drug that will decrease her high level of anxiety. It is most likely that the drug she has received will increase the activity of the neurotransmitter…

Answer 39

GABA

Question 40

What brain structure is likely to control the fight-or-flight response?

Answer 40

amygdala

Question 41

What neurotransmitter is NOT involved in the experience of passionate love?

Answer 41

acetlycholine

Question 42

Which of the following early approaches to psychology focused on why and how people think and feel?

Answer 42

functionalism

Question 43

What area in the brain appears to be responsible for recognizing familiar faces?

Answer 43

fusiform face area

Question 44

What is phenylethylamine?

Answer 44

“the molecule of love”, drives experience of being ‘head-over-heels’, intrusive thoughts