Test Review - Unit 1 Flashcards
Psychology is most accurately defined as
scientific study of thought and behavior
Who is most likely to ask this question: How does parent-infant bonding affect adult relationships?
Developmental Psychologist
(blank) can be best best described as the study of how real or imagined presence of others influences thought, feeling, and behavior
social psychology
Around the turning of the 20th century, Sigmund Freud developed a form of therapy know as
psychoanalysis
Psychologists use a standardized reference when diagnosing psychological disorders called
the American Psychological Association Guide to Mental Disorders (APAGMD)
By the 1900s, more and more psychologists had become more receptive to the ideas that who we are and what we do and think are very much influenced by genetic factors and brain activity, with a long (blank) past
evolutionary
Structures or features the perform a function that did not arise through natural selection are often called …
exaptation
(blank) psychology is often known as folk psychology
popular
Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination are topics most likely to be studied by …
social psychologists
Psychoanalysis assumes that:
the unconscious mind is the most powerful motivator of behavior
What were the views of Frederick Bartlett?
Memory is not an objective and accurate representation of events but rather a highly personal reconstruction based on one’s own beliefs, ideas, and point of view
Spontaneous changes in genes that can alter the design of a structure or a set of behaviors are called …
chance mutations
Psyche, the root word of “psychology”, come from the Greek for
mind
Psychology can be considered as a modern empirical science, because …
psychologists test predictions about behavior with systematic observations and by gathering data
What psychologist asserted that psychology can be a true science only if it examines observable behavior, not ideas, thoughts, feelings, or motives
John Watson
In the 17th century, (blank) proposed the view that the mind and body were separate entities
Rene Descartes
Jack is a psychologist. Rather than just describing what the mind does, he is more interested in the functions of the human mind. Jack is most likely a practitioner of (blank) psychology
evolutionary
According to evolutionary psychology, language and science are examples of
by-products of adaptation
Dr. Hansen is conducting a study to understand whether or not one’s level of extraversion stays the same from infancy to adulthood. She is most likely a …
personality psychologist
The (blank) therapy focuses on changing a person’s maladaptive thought and behavior patterns by discussing and rewarding more appropriate ways of thinking and behaving
cognitive-behavioral
Empiricism is the belief that all knowledge and thoughts come from …
experience
By the 1980s, cognitive science combined many disciplines in addition to psychology, What is one of them?
Anthropology
Which of the following concepts allows for the idea that a soul survives bodily death?
Mind-body dualism
Julie is a psychologist and she is conducting research on the effect of talking on a hands-free cell phone while driving. Based on this information we can say that Julie is a (blank) psychologist
cognitive
(blank) can be described as all the genetic information contained in DNA
genome
the (blank) structures are important in emotions and motivation
limbic
The (blank) is a small structure that resides deep inside the cerebrum in the area that separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe
insula
Tamara sustained a brain injury and as a result cannot comprehend speech. Her doctors note that she speaks frequently, but her words are streams of speech that lack meaning. Which of the following disorders best explains tamara’s symptoms?
Wernicke’s aphasia
What is a disadvantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
fMRIs are very expensive
The adrenal glands product (blank), a class of chemicals that includes the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.
catecholamines
Yasmin no longer senses the sound of the air conditioner as she sits in the classroom. She has stopped attending to its stimulation because she sits in the same classroom every day. Psychologists call this experience …
sensory adaptation
A study was conducted across many cities in the United States to determine the correlation between the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity in children. The study was conducted among children from different schools over a period of one year. Multiple correlations were taken and studied, and the results were found to be the same. It was found that obesity is found more in children who regularly consume soft drinks than children who do not. Which of the following is a characteristic of the result of the study?
reliable
The use of solar panels to run washing machines. What is this example of?
the sensory process of transduction
(blank) is involved in voluntarily controlling muscles and is released during feelings of pleasure or reward
dopamine
A person claims red cars are unsafe even though studies show no correlation between the color and safety of cars. This is an example of?
illusory correlation
Institutions conducting research should evaluate every proposed study’s beneficence, which is:
minimizing costs for participants and maximizing benefits
From her seat in the top row of the stadium, the football fan had a great view of the halftime entertainment. As she watched, two large groups of band members were marching towards then through one another, in opposite directions. The ability to keep track of each separate group made possible by the Gestalt law of …
common fate
A perceptual set is good example of what is known as…
top-down processing
A patient has just received a prescription drug that will decrease her high level of anxiety. It is most likely that the drug she has received will increase the activity of the neurotransmitter…
GABA
What brain structure is likely to control the fight-or-flight response?
amygdala
What neurotransmitter is NOT involved in the experience of passionate love?
acetlycholine
Which of the following early approaches to psychology focused on why and how people think and feel?
functionalism
What area in the brain appears to be responsible for recognizing familiar faces?
fusiform face area
What is phenylethylamine?
“the molecule of love”, drives experience of being ‘head-over-heels’, intrusive thoughts
