Test Three - Muscles Flashcards by Debbie Trout

SCM

Origin - Manubrium

Insertion - Mastoid process

Action - Rotation to opposite side & Lateral flexion

Nerver - Accessory (C1 - 3)

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Piriformis

Origin - Anterior surface of the sacrum

Insertion - Superior border of the greater trochanter

Action - Lateral rotation

Nerve - Sacral

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IT Tract

Origin - Anterior Superior Iliac Spine & External lip of Iliac crest

Insertion - Tensor fascia latae tendon

Action - Provents collapse of extended knee

Nerve - Superior gluteal

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Gluteus Maximus

Origin - Superior gluteal line of ilium

Insertion - Iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity

Action - Inferior gluteal

Nerve - Forceful extension of hip

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Gluteus Medius

Origin - Between Superior & middle gluteal line

Insertion - Greater trochanter

Action - Medial rotation & abduction

Nerve - Superior gluteal

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Gluteus Minimus

Origin - Between middle & inferior gluteal line

Insertion - Anterior surface of the greater trochanter

Action - Medial rotation of hip & abduction

Nerve - Superior gluteal

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Diaphragm

Origin - 1-3 lumbar vertebrae, Lower 6 costal cartilage, xphoid process

Insertion - Central tendon

Action - Increases diameter of thoracic cavity

Nerve - Phrenic (C3-5)

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Internal Oblique

Origin - Inguinal ligament & anterior iliac crest

Insertion - Costal cartilage of last 4 ribs

Action - Flexion of spine, compression of abdominal contents

Nerve - Intercostal (T7-12)

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Transverse Abdominis

Origin - Inguinal ligament & thoracolumar aponeurosis

Insertion - Abdominal aponeurosis

Action - Compression of abdominal contents

Nerve - Intercostal (T7-12)

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External Oblique

Origin - The lower 8 ribs

Insertion - Iliac crest and abdominal aponeurosis

Action - Flexion of trunk, lateral flexion of trunk, & Rotation of trunk to opposite side

Nerve - Intercostal (T7-12)

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Rectus Abdominis

Origin - Pubis

Insertion - Costal cartilage of 5-7

Action - Flexion of the trunk

Nerve - Intercostal (T7-12)

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Psoas major

Origin - Vertebrae & intervertebral disc T12 - L5

Insertion - Lesser trochanter of femur

Action - Flexion & lateral rotation of the hip

Nerve - Femoral

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Iliacus

Origin - Iliac crest & Fossa of ilium

Insertion - Lesser trochanter of femur

Action - Flexion & lateral rotation of the hip

Nerve - Femoral

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Quadratus Lumborum

Origin - Iliolumbar ligament of iliac crest

Insertion - Transverse processes of L1 - L4

Action - Lateral flexion of hip

Nerve - Lumbar plexus

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Iliocostalis

Origin - Common tendon (lumborum) posterior surface of ribs 1 - 12

Insertion - Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1 -3 & ribs 1 - 12 and transverse processes of lower cervicals

Action - Bilateral extension

Nerve - Spinal

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Longissimus

Origin - Common tendon (thoracis) Transverse processes of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae

Insertion - Lower 9 ribs & transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae & cervical vertebrae & Mastoid process of temporal bone

Action - Bilateral Extension

Nerve - Spinal

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Spinalis

Origin - Spinous processes of upper lumbar & lower thoracic vertebrae

Insertion - Spinous processes of upper thoracic & cervicals C2-7

Action - Bilateral extension

Nerve - Spinal

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Scalenes

Origin - Transverse processes C2-7

Insertion - 1st & 2nd ribs

Action - Elevates 1st 2 ribs & assists in lateral flexion

Nerve - Cervical (C6-8)

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Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Base of second & thrid metacarpals

Action - Flexion

Nerve - Median (C6-8)

Stretch - Hyperextension of wrist

Palmaris Longus

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Palmer aponeurosis

Action - Flexion

Nerve - Median (C6-T1)

Stretch - Hyperextension of wrist

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Pisiform hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

Action - Flexion

Nerve - Ulnar (C6-7)

Stretch - Hyperextension of wrist

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Sides of shaft of middle phlanges

Action - Flexion

Nerve - Median (C8, T1)

Stretch - Hyperextension of wrist

Ticeps

Origin - Long/infraglenoid tuberosity – Lateral/above spiral groove – Medial/below spiral goove

Insertion - Olecranon process of ulna

Actions - Extension of elbow - assists extension of shoulder

Nerve - Radial (C6-T1)

Stretch - Flex shoulder and pull elbow toward head

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Base of second metacarpal

Actions - Extension

Nerve - Radial (C6-8)

Stretch - Hyperflexion of the wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insersion - Base of 3rd metacarpal Action - Extension Nerve - Radial (C6-8) Stretch - Hyperfexion of the wrist

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion - Base of 5th metacarpal Action - Extension Nerve - Radial (C6-8) Stretch - Hyperflexion of the wrist

Extensor Digitorum

Origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion - Base of middle fingers second thru fifth Actions - Extension Nerve - Radial (C6-8) Stretch - Hyperflexion of the wrist

Pectoralis Major

Origin - Clavicular head, sternal head, cartilage of upper ribs Insertion - Bicipital groove Actions - Horizontal adduction, medial rotation Nerve - Pectoral (C5-7) Stretch - Hyperabduction

Pectoralis Minor

Origin - Anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5 Insertion - Coracoid process of the scapula Action - Depression and protraction of scapula Nerve - Medial/Pectoral C8 - T1 Stretch - Hyperabduction

Deltoid

Origin - Lateral third of clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action - Horizontal adduction (anterior) Abduction to 90degree (middle) Nerve - Axillary (C5 & 6) Stretch - Arm across chest at waist, below waist & hyperabduction

Biceps Brachii

Origin - Long/Supraglenoid tubercle -- Short/Coracoid process Insertion - Radial tuberosity Action - Flexion of elbow & supination of forearm Nerve - Musculocutaneous Stretch Hyperextension of the forearm

Teres Major

Origin - Inferior angle of the scapula Insertion - Medial lip of Bicipital groove Action - Medial rotation of the humerus Nerve - subscapular (C5 & 6) Stretch - Arm across chest (near chin)

Rhomboid major

Origin - Spinous Processes of T2 - T15 Insertion - Vertebral border of the scapula Action - Retraction of the scapula Nerve - Dorsal scapular (C5) Stretch - Protraction of chest & arms

Rhomboid minor

Origin - Spinous Processes of C7 - T1 Insertion - Root of the spine of the scapula Action - Retraction of the scapula Nerve - Dorsal scapular (C5) Stretch - Protraction of chest & arms

Trapezius

Origin - Upper/Occiput ligamentum nuchae -- Middle/Spinous porcesses C7 - T4 -- Lower/Spinous processes T4 - T12 Insertion - Upper/Lateral 3rd of clavicle -- Middle/Spine of scapula -- Lower/Root of the spine of the scapula Action - Elevation of scapula -- Middle/Retraction of scapula -- Lower/Depression of scapula Nerve - Accessory (C1 & 2) Stretch - Upper/Lateral rotation of neck -- Middle & Lower - Protraction of the arms

Supraspinatus

Origin - Supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion - Greater tubercle of the humerus Action - Stabilize the head of the humerus Nerve - Suprascapular (C5 & 6) Stretch - Lateral flexion of neck with arm pulled posterior behind back

Infraspinatus

Origin - Infrapinous fossa of the scapula Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus Action - Lateral rotation of the humerus Nerve - Suprascapular (C5 & 6) Stretch - Arm across chest (lower)

Teres minor

Origin - Upper axillary border of scapula Insertion - Greater tubercle of the humerus Action - Lateral rotation of the humerus Nerve - Axillary (C5 & 6)

Subscapularis

Origin - Subscapular fossa of the scapula Insertion - Lesser tubercle of the humerus Action - Medial rotation of the humerus Nerve - Subscapular (C5 & 6) Stretch - Lateral stretch posterior with palm up

Hamstrings

Origin for all = Isial Tuberosity Nerve for all = Sciatic Action for all = Flexion of knee Insertion: Biceps Femoris - Head of fibula Semitendinosus - Medial condyle of the tibia Semimembranousus - Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Soleus

Origin - Soleal line & posterior aspect of head of fibula Insertion - Calcaneus Action - Plantar flextion Nerve - Tibial

Gastrocnemius

Origin - Posterior medial & lateral condyles Insertion - Calcaneous Action - Plantar flextion Nerve - Tibial

Tibialis Anterior

Origin - lateral shaft of tibia Insertion - Base of 1st metatarsal Action - Dorsiflexion of ankle Nerve - Deep Peroneal

Peroneus Longus

Origin - Superior 2/3 of lateral surace of the fibula Insertion - Base of 1st metatarsal bone Action - Eversion Nerve - Superficial Peroneal

Quadriceps Group Vastus intermedius

Origin - Anterior Surface of femur Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity Action - Extend the knee Nerve - Femoral

Quadriceps Group Rectus femoris - Vastus lateralis - Vastus medialis

Origin: Rectus femoris - Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) Vastus Medialis & Lateralis - linea aspera Insertion for all - Tibial tuberosity Action for all - Extend the knee Nerve for all - Femoral