Test Review Sec: 4, 5

Question 1

Fine windblown yellow soil

Answer 1

loess

Question 2

Group of families with a common ancestor

Answer 2

Dynastic Rule

Question 3

China’s most famous philosopher

Answer 3

Confucius

Question 4

System of ideas

Answer 4

philosophy

Question 5

An old man when Confucius was a young scholar.

Answer 5

Laozi

Question 6

Animal bone or turtle shell used by priests to predict the future.

Answer 6

Oracle Bone

Question 7

The art of producing beautiful handwriting

Answer 7

calligraphy

Question 8

Respect for parents

Answer 8

Filial piety

Question 9

His father was the king of the Qin territory. Shi became king when he was 13

Answer 9

Shi Huangdi

Question 10

He was the eleventh son and wasn’t destined to be ruler but his relatives convinced him.

Answer 10

Wudi

Question 11

Policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds

Answer 11

expansionism

Question 12

Government officials

Answer 12

Civil servants

Question 13

Local military rulers

Answer 13

warlords

Question 14

Medical treatment in which needles are inserted in the skin at specific points to relieve pain or treat various illnesses

Answer 14

acupuncture

Question 15

Which two (2) mountain ranges to the west and southwest blocked the easy movement of people?

Answer 15

Tian Shan and the Himalayas

Question 16

Which three regions did Chinese goods reach at its peak?

Answer 16

Middle East, Africa, and Europe

Question 17

Where does the Chinese heartland lay within?

Answer 17

East coast and the valleys of the Huang and the Chang River

Question 18

What did these bodies of water serve as for the Chinese?

Answer 18

Irrigation and transportation routes

Question 19

What region within the Himalayas did China extend its influence into?

Answer 19

Tibet in Chinese is called Xizang

Question 20

What led to the rise of a strong central gov’t in Ancient China?

Answer 20

People learned to farm and they controlled the river flow in large water projects.

Question 21

Why was it nicknamed the “River of Sorrows”?

Answer 21

It earned its name because loess settles to the bottom and it raises the water levels.

Question 22

What was the Shang Dynasty capital and what was unique about it?

Answer 22

The capital was Anyang and what was unique about it was that it was a walled city.

Question 23

Who likely governed most of the land in Shang China, and what were they heads of?

Answer 23

The princes and nobles governed most of the land. They were heads of clans.

Question 24

What did artisans make in Shang China?

Answer 24

Produced bronze weapons, silk robes, and jade jewelry

Question 25

In what ways did merchants organize trade?

Answer 25

They exchanged local foods and salts for shells and other goods not found in the northeast

Question 26

What were the majority of people in Shang China classified as?

Answer 26

Peasants

Question 27

To justify their rebellion against the Shang, what did they claim?

Answer 27

The Mandate of Heaven

Question 28

According to the Chinese, what were signs that the dynasty had lost the favor of the Mandate of Heaven?

Answer 28

The king of the Shang dynasty was very cruel.

Question 29

When did knowledge of iron-working reach China and what was developed as a result of it?

Answer 29

In 600 B.C. is when they knew about iron-working. It helps create iron-axes and ox-drawns

Question 30

What did the Chinese begin to use for the first time, during the Zhou period?

Answer 30

Use money.

Question 31

How did this benefit China in the long-run?

Answer 31

Made trade earlier

Question 32

What inevitably led to the demise of the Zhou dynasty.

Answer 32

The Zhou rulers were too weak to control and lords ignored the emperor.

Question 33

Who was the chief supreme being according to the ancient Chinese and how did the kings and emperors of ancient China have a connection with it?

Answer 33

Shang Di was the chief supreme. They have a connection because they prayed to the gods which made it a good harvest.

Question 34

Why would prayers of rulers and nobles to their ancestors benefit society?

Answer 34

Help them to victory at war and have good harvests.

Question 35

What did the Chinese call on their ancestors to do?

Answer 35

To bring good fortune for their family

Question 36

What would they offer the ancestors in return?

Answer 36

Sacrificed food and other necessities.

Question 37

Why did he eventually turn to teaching?

Answer 37

He couldn’t find a government position so he turned to teaching

Question 38

What did his sayings offer advice within and what was his philosophy concerned (and not concerned) with?

Answer 38

Living a good and honorable life. His philosophy concerned itself with worldly goals

Question 39

According to Confucius, what were the five (5) most important relationships for people to maintain a good life?

Answer 39

Ruler to Subject Parent to Child Husband to Wife Elder brother to younger brother Friend to friend

Question 40

According to Confucius, what was the ruler’s main responsibility and what was the best character quality of a ruler?

Answer 40

The ruler’s main responsibility was to lead by example. Best quality a ruler should have is virtuous.

Question 41

What did he place great emphasis on?

Answer 41

The education for men

Question 42

Explain the forces of yin & yang?

Answer 42

Yin was the female force that represented Earth and darkness. The yang was the male force that represented heaven and light.

Question 43

Which Asian countries did Confucianism spread into?

Answer 43

Korea, Japan, and Vietnam

Question 44

What was Daoism concerned with, and also not concerned with?

Answer 44

Daoism was more concerned with nature than human affairs like Confucianism.

Question 45

Who was its founder and what is unique about him?

Answer 45

Laozi was the founder of Daoism. He is unique because he lived without leaving a trace.

Question 46

What did Daoist reject as well as emphasize?

Answer 46

Daoist rejected fighting and conflicts. He emphasized the virtue of yielding.

Question 47

What did many Daoists become?

Answer 47

Many Daoists became hermits, artists, and poets.

Question 48

How long did Shi Huangdi spend conquering the warring states within the empire?

Answer 48

20 years

Question 49

What did he force noble families to do and what did he do with their land?

Answer 49

Forced people to live in his capital and divided their land among the peasants.

Question 50

Explain how he created uniformity within China:

Answer 50

The first emperor replaced diverse coins with Qin coins. Scholars created peace in Chinese writing. Workers strengthened the transportations system by repairing roads and canals.

Question 51

According to legalism creator Hanfeizi, what was the cause for most conflicts?

Answer 51

Greed

Question 52

To Legalists, what was a ruler’s greatest virtue?

Answer 52

Strength

Question 53

Which books were ordered to be burned? Which were procured?

Answer 53

Burned: Any literature and philosophy Procured: Medicine and agriculture

Question 54

What did the wall demonstrate of the emperor’s ability to do?

Answer 54

Mobolized China’s vast resources

Question 55

What did Liu Bang set about restoring to China, as he took power?

Answer 55

Restoring order and putting justice to his empire.

Question 56

Which philosophy did the Han Dynasty follow to operate its government?

Answer 56

Confucianism

Question 57

What was Emperor Wudi’s nickname?

Answer 57

Warrior emperor

Question 58

Of what goods did he establish a monopoly of for his gov’t?

Answer 58

Iron and salt

Question 59

Why did he have granaries set up?

Answer 59

So that the government could buy grain when it was an abundant of it and sell it when it is scarce.

Question 60

Where did he expand his military outposts into, as a part of his policy of expansionism?

Answer 60

Manchuria, Korea, Northern Vietnam, Tibet, and Central Asia

Question 61

Which types of goods were brought into China, as a result of the exchange of the Silk Road?

Answer 61

Grapes, figs, cucumbers, horses, and Muslin cloth.

Question 62

Which goods and religion was exported out of China during this cultural diffusion?

Answer 62

Silk and it was sent across the Mediterranean and Rome.

Question 63

According to this system, how did gov’t officials gain their position?

Answer 63

By merit

Question 64

At which level(s) was the exam given and what did they have to study?

Answer 64

National levels and they had to study Confucion classics, history, poems, and handbooks

Question 65

How long did the civil service system last?

Answer 65

2,000 years

Question 66

How exactly did the Han dynasty fall/collapse? Explain:

Answer 66

They couldn’t control the local military rulers.