Chapter 7 Study Guide Flashcards
What was a feudal contract amongst lords, vassals, and peasants?
The relationship between lords and vassals grew out of custom and radiation and involved an exchange of pledges
Describe what a fief was? What did the lord promise to do for the people within his fief?
It’s an estate that the lord granted his vassal. In return the lord protects his vassal.
Why was being a vassal during this time period, a complex system?
Vassals had more than one lord so they had a main lord that they have first priorities for.
What would the training be like for a young aspiring knight? What was their punishment?
Learn to ride, fight, keep his armor and weapons in good condition. The punishments included: angry blows or a severe beating.
How did tournaments change over time?
The tournaments change by having more ceremonies and rituals.
Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine and what did she do during this medieval period?
Eleanor of Aquitaine is a noblewomen that took an active hand in politics and inherited vast lands in southwestern france.
How was a woman’s inheritance (should her father or husband die) severely restricted?
The inheritance is usually passed to the eldest son of the family. If her husband died the woman gained her rights to her land
What was the Code of Chivalry and did many knights live up to this cause? Be descriptive:
The Code of Chivalry is required for knights to be brave, royal, and true to their word. Not many knights lived up to these standards.
Who were troubadours and what would their stories be about?
Troubadours were wandering musician poets. They told stories about brave knights and their devotion to their women.
Describe the manor system used in medieval Europe?
Manor system is the lord of the manor that has legal and economic power over the peasants who lived in his estate.
Who were serfs?
Serfs was a name for peasants on a manor
Describe the requirements for peasants living within a manorial system.
Whereas, what did they have to pay, what did they have to ask permission to do, and what did they have to repair?
Peasants had to work several days a week. They had to farm the lords land, repair his roads, bridges, and fences. They had to ask permission to marry and had to pay the lord a fee when they inherited their fathers acre.
What are sacraments and what did priests collect from citizens?
Sacraments are sacred rituals of the Roman Catholic Church. They collected tithes from citizens.
What were some of the main events of a person’s life that people would have within the church?
Baptism, marriages, and death.
What is a pilgrimage?
A pilgrims journey
What was the Benedictine Rule? Describe it:
Benedictine Rule is rules to regulate monastic life
What kind of services did monks and nuns provide for Medieval society?
Monks and nuns looked after the poor and sick and set up schools for children.
Name at least one famous monk and what he did.
Patrick was a monk who set up the Church in Ireland.
What type of job role did they generally have with regard to books?
Monks and nuns copied the writings of Greek and Roman works.
What was the place of worship gathering known as for nuns?
Convent
What does papal supremacy mean?
Papal supremacy is authority over all secular rulers
What is canon law?
Canon Law is a church that developed their own body of laws
What does it mean to be excommunicated? How would this have an impact on people’s individual social lives?
Excommunicated us the most severe penalty it’s when people are cutoff from the Church and sacraments.
What were the central differences between the Roman and Byzantine Church?
Roman - clergy couldn’t marry, language was Greek, strong emphasis on Christmas.
Byzantine - Language was Latin, Priests were allowed to marry, celebrated Easter more than Christmas
What was the issue over icons that took place in Europe during the 700’s?
People didn’t agree with the holy images so that caused more of the divide.
What was the Great Schism? What did each church try to do to the other?
The Great Schism is the permanent split between eastern and western Christianity
Sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
sacrament
Rules drawn up in 530 by Benedict, a monk, regulating monastic life. The rule emphasized obedience, poverty, and chastity and divides the day into periods of worship, work, and study.
Benedictine Rule
Having to do with worldly, rather than religious, matters; nonreligious
secular
The claim of medieval Popes that they had authority over all secular rulers
Papal supremacy
