Test Questions

Question 1

which type of research study is for someone who has limited time and a low budget?

Answer 1

cross-sectional

Question 2

a ____ test doesn’t compare an individual score to a norm group but relies on the judgment of the counselor to interpret the data

Answer 2

non-standardized test

Question 3

judging someone’s worth by how closely they resemble European Americans is called ____

Answer 3

colorism

Question 4

group members’ personal goals are usually ____

Answer 4

overt

Question 5

No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

Answer 5

requires states to develop and administer assessments in basic skills to all students — does NOT have to do with kids with disabilities

aims to improve the quality of U.S. primary and secondary schools by increasing the accountability standards of states, school districts, and schools.

Question 6

a ____ group is primarily remedial

Answer 6

psychotherapy (I guess because they have the worst problems… psychoeducational are preventative)

Question 7

____ research designs measure how either receiving treatment or not receiving treatment affects a single subject (client) or group of subjects who can be treated as a single unit. This type of (usually quantitative) research is ordinarily applied to studies in which behavior is being modified or to examine the changes in a behavior.

Answer 7

single-subject research design (SSRD)

Question 8

Kurt Lewin’s 3 leadership styles: What are their alternate names?

Answer 8

Authoritarian (Theory X)
Democratic (Theory Y)
Lassiez-Faire (Theory Z)

ADLs - activities of daily living - XYZ
authoritarian is bad! X
a lot of Gen Y are Democrats - theory Y
lassieZ-faire

Question 9

Interpreting new information in a way that alters a person’s existing cognitive framework is called

Answer 9

accommodation

Question 10

fitting new information into existing cognitive schemas

Answer 10

assimilation

Question 11

Jungian counselors help clients uncover elements of their unconscious minds through which 3 things?

Answer 11

dreams
culture
spirituality

Question 12

extermination is what type of racism?

Answer 12

overt racism

extermination is a focused effort to demolish certain groups of people

Question 13

cognitive therapy restructures clients…

Answer 13

automatic thoughts

NOT irrational beliefs - this is part of REBT

Question 14

Super’s theory has X stages and X substages

Answer 14

Super’s theory has 5 developmental stages and 16 substages

Question 15

Did WWI or WWII lead to the development of vocational guidance?

Answer 15

WWII, not WWI.

Question 16

the 3 phases of trauma counseling

Answer 16

Establishing a safe environment
Remembrance and mourning
Reconnection with ordinary life

Question 17

FERPA does/does not include students’ honors and awards, and it does/does not include students’ grades and test scores

Answer 17

FERPA DOES include students honors and awards

FERPA DOES NOT include students’ grades and test scores

Question 18

___ involves postures, body movements, and positions. These might include facial expressions, eye con-
tact and gazes, and touch.

Answer 18

kinesics

Question 19

____ involves verbal cues that are not words

Answer 19

paralanguage

Question 20

____ is the use of personal physical distance.

Answer 20

proxemics

Question 21

____ is how individuals conceptualize and act toward time

Answer 21

chronemics

Question 22

In SFBT, ____ are clients who are not at ready or willing to change
_____ are clients who recognize the existence of a problem and can define it but have yet to commit to solving it
______ are the most ideal clients; such clients recognize that a problem needs to be fixed and are committed to finding a solution.

Answer 22

Visitors are not ready or willing to change
Complainants know there’s a problem but aren’t committed to solving it
Customers are the ideal clients who want to change

Question 23

In Hardiman’s white racial identity development model, ____ stage is when there is a conscious belief in the democratic ideal that everyone has an opportunity to succeed

Answer 23

acceptance

Question 24

In SFBT, what is a technique that can be used to help all clients, no matter their presenting problem?

Answer 24

a skeleton key

Question 25

if co-leaders are used, the group size can…

Answer 25

be increased by 50% - 75%

Question 26

deviation IQs have a mean of ___ and an SD of ____

Answer 26

mean of 100 and an SD of 15

think IQ tests!

Question 27

___ attachment is withdrawn behaviors in which children explore without regard for the caretaker, ignore separations, and avoid reunions when a caretaker reemerges

Answer 27

avoidant attachment

Question 28

____ attachment is clinging behaviors in which the child refuses to explore the environment and protests separations quite vehemently.

Answer 28

ambivalent attachment

Question 29

____ attachment is behaviors in which children show little emotion at separation and mostly confusion at reunion.

Answer 29

disorganized attachment

Question 30

a ____ hypothesis is designed to consider extraneous or additional independent variables

Answer 30

alternative

Question 31

Piaget’s 3 stages of moral development

Answer 31

premoral - don’t know about morals
moral realism - awareness of rules but don’t understand why
moral relativism - know that rules exist and are now capable of understanding the reasons behind the rules.; judge morality by a person’s intentions and not necessarily the resulting action

Question 32

children generally begin talking between ___ and ___

Answer 32

7 and 12 months

Question 33

___ drives the majority of career interventions used in the U.S.

Answer 33

affluence (v.s. collectivism, inequity, or the notion that leisure is a salient aspect of people’s lives)

Question 34

who developed multimodal therapy?

multimodal is a type of eclecticism

Answer 34

Arnold Lazarus

Question 35

a ____ is typically an objective third party in conflict resolution.

Answer 35

facilitator

NOT mediator or arbitrator

Question 36

What are the 5 dimensions of wellness?

Answer 36

Essential Self, Social self, Creative self, Physical self, Coping self

Essential self includes four dimensions: spirituality, self-care, gender identity, and cultural identity
Social Self includes two dimensions: friendship and love), Creative Self includes five dimensions: thinking, emotions, control, positive humor, and work
Physical Self includes two dimensions: exercise and nutrition
Coping Self includes four dimensions: realistic
beliefs, stress management, self-worth, and leisure

Question 37

learning theories of development are ____

Answer 37

reactive

Question 38

who developed the Career Maturity Inventory and endorsed comprehensive career counseling

Answer 38

John Crites