Test Prep 2

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP.

Question 2

Ribosomes

Answer 2

organizes the synthesis of proteins

Question 3

ER

Answer 3

prepares proteins for export (rough ER); synthesizes steroids, regulates calcium levels, breaks down toxic substances (smooth ER)

Question 4

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 4

processes and packages substances produced by the cell

Question 5

Lysosomes

Answer 5

digests molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances

Question 6

Microtubules

Answer 6

contribute to the support, movement, and division of cells

Question 7

Cilia and Flagella

Answer 7

propel cells through the environment; move materials over the cell surface

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

stores hereditary info in DNA; synthesizes RNA and ribosomes

Question 9

Cell Wall

Answer 9

supports and protects the cell

Question 10

Vacuoles

Answer 10

stores water enzymes and waste products

Question 11

Plastids

Answer 11

stores food or pigments; one type (chloroplast) transfers energy from light to organic compounds

Question 12

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

is an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell

Question 13

Nucleoplasm

Answer 13

the is the jellylike liquid in the nucleus

Question 14

Chloroplasts

Answer 14

organelles that use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water are

Question 15

Central Vacuole

Answer 15

the stores water and may contain many substances, such as enzymes, water, and wastes

Question 16

4 common characteristics of all cells

Answer 16

Cytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA, Ribosomes

Question 17

What does prokaryote mean

Answer 17

Pro= Before Karyo= Nucleus

Question 18

DNA is scrunched up as what in a dividing cell?

Answer 18

Chromosomes

Question 19

DNA is spread out as what in NON-dividing cells?

Answer 19

Chromatin

Question 20

Cristae

Answer 20

Folded inner membrane

Question 21

Peptidoglycan Cell Wall

Answer 21

A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids. Provides structure. Plasmids small circular loops of DNA

Question 22

What do all cells have no matter what?

Answer 22

Cell Membrane

Question 23

Where is the Cell membrane always positioned in a cell?

Answer 23

Beneath the cell wall

Question 24

Mitochondria contain their own what so they can produce their own proteins?

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

What is the arrangement of cells in a microtubule?

Answer 25

9+2 arrangement

Question 26

What is the permeability of the cell membrane?

Answer 26

Selective permeability

Question 27

Cytoskeleton

Answer 27

Proteins strands that gives the cell structure

Question 28

Difference between Rough ER and Smooth ER

Answer 28

Rough ER has a bumpy appearance because it has ribosomes and smooth has no bumps because it has no ribosomes