test for ions

Question 1

how do you test for group 2 ions

Answer 1

use flame tests

Question 2

how do you perform a flame test

Answer 2

1) dip the nichrome wire in conc HCL
2) dip into sample
3) place the loop into the blue bunsen flame and observe the colour

Question 3

what is the observations for the group 2 ions

Answer 3

calcium (Ca2+) => dark red
Strontium (Sr2+) => red
Barium (Ba2+) => green

Question 4

how do you test for ammonium compounds and hydroxides

Answer 4

using litmus paper

Question 5

how do you use litmus paper when testing for ammonium compounds

Answer 5

add NaOH
gently heat and if ammonium compound present ammonia gas will be produced
- use damp red litmus.
- ammonia will dissolve in the water and turn litmus blue

Question 6

what’s the reaction to test for ammonium compounds

Answer 6

NH4+(aq) +OH-(aq) => NH3(g) + H2O(l)

Question 7

what’s the test for hydroxides using litmus paper

Answer 7

hydroxides are alkaline and they will then red litmus blue
- further tests are needed to confirm u have an alkali

Question 8

how do you test for carbonates and sulfates

Answer 8

using HCl and barium chloride

Question 9

how do you test for carbonates using Hcl

Answer 9

HCl reacts with carbonates to make CO2 gas.
When bubbles through limewater it turns cloudy

Question 10

what’s the reaction for the test of carbonates using hcl

Answer 10

CO3 2- + 2H+ => CO2 + H2O

Question 11

how do you test for sulfates using hcl and barium chloride

Answer 11

1) add hcl to remove any carbonates
2) add barium chloride
White ppt if there are sulfates
the white ppt is barium sulfates

Question 12

what’s the reaction for testing for sulfates using hcl and barium chloride

Answer 12

Ba2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) => BaSO4(s)