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Chemistry Year 12 > Period 3 oxides 3.2.4 > Flashcards

Period 3 oxides 3.2.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

When period 3 oxides burn in oxygen what do they form?

A

white solid oxides

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2
Q

What is the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

A

4Na + O2 => 2Na2O

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3
Q

What is the reaction between magnesium and oxygen ?

A

2Mg + 1/2O2 => MgO

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4
Q

What is the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

A

4Al + 3O2 => 2Al2O3

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5
Q

What is the reaction between silicon and oxygen ?

A

Si + O2 => SiO2

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6
Q

What is the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen ?

A

P4 + 5O2 => P4O10

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7
Q

How does sodium react with water?

A
  • Vigorously
  • Forms a ball and fizzing
  • Hydrogen gas is produced
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8
Q

What is the reaction of sodium and water ?

A

2Na + 2H2O => 2NaOH + H2

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9
Q

What is the reaction between sodium oxide and water?

A

Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH

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10
Q

what’s the ph of sodium oxide?

A

14

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11
Q

What’s the reaction between sodium oxide and acid?

A

Na2O + 2H+ => 2Na+ + H20

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12
Q

what happens when magnesium reacts with water?

A
  • reacts slowly
  • forms a weak alkaline solution of magnesium hydroxide ( Mg(OH)2)
  • this is a weak alkaline solution as magnesium hydroxide is sparingly soluble
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13
Q

what’s the reaction of magnesium and water?

A

Mg + 2H2O => Mg(OH) + H2

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14
Q

What’s the reaction between magnesium and steam?

A

Mg (s)+ H2O(g) => MgO (s) + H2(g)

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15
Q

why is magnesium oxide less soluble than sodium oxide?

A

magnesium oxide has higher lattice enthalpy

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16
Q

what’s the reaction between magnesium oxide and water?

A

Mgo + H2O => Mg(OH)2

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17
Q

what’s the ph of magnesium oxide ?

A

10

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18
Q

what’s the reaction between magnesium oxide and acid?

A

MgO + 2H+ => Mg2+ + H2O

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19
Q

why is aluminium oxide insoluble?

A

very high lattice enthalpy

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20
Q

what name is given to aluminium oxide

A

amphoteric

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21
Q

what’s the reaction between aluminium oxide and acid?

A

Al2O3 + 6H+ => 2Al3+ + 3H2O

22
Q

what’s the reaction between aluminium oxide and alkali?

A

Al2O3 + 6H+ => 2Al3+ + 3H2O

23
Q

what’s the reaction between aluminium oxide and hydrochloric acid?

A

Al2O3 + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

24
Q

what’s the reaction between aluminium oxide and sodium hydroxide?

A

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O => 2NaAl(OH)4

25
Q

why is silicon (IV) oxide insoluble (SiO2) ?

A

lattice of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds that would have to be broken

26
Q

what’s the reaction between silicon oxide and an alkali?

A

SiO2 + 2OH- => SiO3- +H2O

27
Q

what’s the reaction between phosphorus oxide and water?

A

P4O10 + 6H2O => 4H3PO4

28
Q

what is the ph of phosphorus oxide and why?

A

-1 to +1
H2O molecules attach the S+ P atoms leading to the release of H+ ions from the water molecules

29
Q

what’s the reaction between phosphorus oxide and alkali?

A

P4O10 + 12OH- => 4PO43- +6H2O

30
Q

What happens when Sulfur oxide (SO2) reacts with water?

A

it dissolves

31
Q

what’s the rection between sulfur oxide and water?

A

SO2 + H2O => H2SO3

32
Q

what’s the ph of sulfur oxide and why?

A

1.3
H2O molecules attach to the S+ S atoms , leading to the release of H+ ions from the water molecules

33
Q

what’s the reaction between sulfur oxide and alkali?

A

SO2 + 2OH- => SO3 2- + H2O

34
Q

What happens when Sulfur (VI) oxide (SO3) reacts with water?

A

reacts violently

35
Q

what’s the reaction between SO3 and water?

A

SO3 + H2O => H2SO4

36
Q

what’s the ph of SO3 and why?

A

0

H2O molecules attach to the S+ S atoms , leading to the release of H+ ions from the water molecules

37
Q

what’s the reaction between sulfur trioxide and hydroxide ?

A

SO3 + 2OH- => SO4 2- +H2O

38
Q

what’s the trend in PH in period 3 oxides?

A
  • Acidity increased from left to right
  • Ranging from strongly basic oxides on the left to strongly acidic on the right
  • with an amphoteric oxide in the middle
39
Q

Why do Na2O , MgO and Al2O3 have high melting points?

A
  • form giant ionic lattices
  • giant ionic lattices have lots of strong attractive forces which require a lot of energy to break the bonds
40
Q

why does MgO have a higher melting point than Na2O?

A

It forms 2+ ions and Na forms +1 ions.
The 2+ ions are attracted more strongly to the oxygen

41
Q

Why does Al2O3 have a lower melting point than MgO?

A
  • Al3+ ions distort the electron cloud of oxygen.
    This means that there’s some covalent character as well as ionic interactions.
    Less energy is required to break the bonds
42
Q

Why does SiO2 have a higher melting point than the non metal oxides (P4O10 and SO2)?

A
  • Forms a giant covalent structure.
    Many strong covalent bonds which require lots of energy to break.
43
Q

Why does P4O10 and SO4 have lower melting points than SiO2?

A
  • They form simple molecular structure.
    Weaker intermolecular forced so less energy required to break the bonds
44
Q

why does the reaction of sodium oxide reacting with water forms a solution that is more alkaline?

A

Sodium has a higher solubility

45
Q

what’s the equation for sulfur reacting with oxygen ?

A

S + O2 => SO2

46
Q

what would you see if you react sulfur with oxygen ?

A

Brown fumes

47
Q

what is the formula of the hydroxide of an element in period 3 that’s used in medicine

A

Mg(OH)2

48
Q

what are the observations of sodium reacting with oxygen

A
  • yellow or orange flame
  • white fumes
49
Q

what’s an observation for phosphorus reacting with oxygen

A

white fumes

50
Q

which element form an ionic o code that reacts with strong alkalis

A

aluminium

51
Q

what test tube reaction could you do to distinguish between sodium oxide and phosphorus oxide

A
  • react with water
  • add ph meter
  • sodium oxide has a higher pH than phosphorus oxide
52
Q

write an equation for the reaction of an excess of magnesium oxide with phosphoric acid

A

3 MgO + 2 H3PO4 => Mg3(PO4)2 + 3H2O

Chemistry Year 12 (24 decks)

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